不同育苗基质及激素处理对华重楼种子出苗的影响研究

Study on the Effect of Different Seedling Substrate and Hormone Treatments on the Seedling Emergence Rate of Paris polyphylla

针对重楼育苗常遇到的出苗时间长、出苗率低和种子播种后腐烂严重的问题,对最佳育苗方式、育苗基质及在较短时间内获得较多的重楼种苗等方面进行研究,旨在为重楼栽培和育苗方面提供技术参考。研究了不同厚度稻草覆盖、土壤与草炭不同配比、不同浓度KNO_(3)与质量浓度赤霉素(GA_(3))溶液浸种重楼种子对重楼种子出苗的影响。结果表明:在重楼种子播种前的土壤表面覆盖厚度为4 cm的稻草后播种重楼,再在重楼种子表面覆盖厚度为4 cm的稻草,重楼种子的出苗率最高,达90.8%,与其他覆盖厚度的差异具有高度统计学意义,出苗时间为播种后的第20月;土壤与草炭质量比为1∶3时,重楼种子的出苗率为73.0%,与其他质量比的出苗率的差异具有高度统计学意义(P<0.01),出苗时间为播种后的第20月;用19 mmol/L KNO_(3)、600 mg/L GA_(3)溶液浸种重楼种子,种子胚根长出率最高达56.67%,与排第2位溶液组合(KNO_(3)浓度为16 mmol/L、GA_(3)质量浓度为600 mg/L)胚根长出率的差异具有高度统计学意义(P<0.01),出苗时间为浸种处理后的第8月。3种育苗方式比较表明:稻草覆盖厚度为4 cm、土壤与草炭质量比为1∶3的育苗基质利于提高重楼种子的出苗率,KNO_(3)浓度为19 mmol/L、GA_(3)的质量浓度为600 mg/L的溶液浸种重楼种子,可大大缩短重楼种子的育苗时间,幼苗获得率约50%。

Aiming to solve the problems of long seedling emergence time,low seedling emergence rate and serious decay after seed sowing,this paper studies the best seedling cultivation method,the best seedling substrate and the best way to obtain more Paris polyphylla seedlings in a shorter time,in order to provide some technical references for Paris poly⁃phylla cultivation and seedling cultivation.The effects of different thickness of straw mulch,different ratio of soil and peat,different concentration of KNO3 and gibberellin(GA3)solution on the emergence of Paris polyphylla seeds were studied.The results showed that the germination time was the 20th month after sowing when the mass ratio of soil to peat was 1∶3,and the emergence rate of Paris polyphylla seeds was 73.0%,which was significantly different from that of other mass ratios;the emergence time was the 20th month after sowing when the seeds of Paris polyphylla were soaked in the solution with the amount concentration of KNO3 of 19 mmol/L and the mass concentration of GA3 of 600 mg/L,and the radicle growth rate was up to 56.67%;there was a very significant difference in the hypocotyl growth rate when combined with the second solution(the amount concentration of KNO3 of 16 mmol/L and the mass concentration of GA3 of 600 mg/L);and the emergence time was the 8th month after the seed soaking treatment.The comparison of three seedling raising methods shows that the seedling substrate with straw covering thickness of 4 cm and mass ratio of soil to peat of 1∶3 is conducive to improve the seedling emergence rate of Paris polyphylla seeds;soaking Paris polyphylla seeds with KNO3 concentration of 19 mmol/L and GA3 Concentration of 600 mg/L can greatly shorten the seedling time of Paris polyphylla seeds,and the seedling acquisition rate is about 50%.