一种低剖面频率可重构天线的设计与研究

Design and Implementation of a Low-Profile Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna

针对目前频率可重构天线存在的尺寸较大、频率可调范围不足、带宽窄且难以同时覆盖5G/WiMAX/WLAN等常用频段的问题,提出一种结构新颖的频率可重构天线,共有3种工作状态,可分别工作在5G/WiMAX/WLAN频段,天线的尺寸仅为26mm×32 mm×1 mm,更加适合用于小型移动通信设备。该天线通过结合一个新的辐射贴片元件以及开槽和开关来实现天线不同工作模式的切换。整体结构可分为微带贴片天线和直流偏置电路2部分,直流偏置电路由4个二极管构成的2组开关SW1、SW2和直流偏置线组成,通过对SW1和SW2的控制,天线可以在宽带和2种双频状态下工作,宽带工作频段为3.04~5.54 GHz,一种双频工作频段分别为2.86~3.50 GHz、5.09~6.17 GHz,另一种双频工作频段分别为2.98~3.84 GHz、4.61~5.88 GHz。对天线模型实物加工并进行了实测。优化测试表明,天线可以在宽带模式和2个双频工作模式下正常工作,且天线的可重构特性使其能在5G/WiMAX/WLAN不同通信频段下切换工作模式,适合用于5G/WiMAX/WLAN信号源聚集的复杂通信环境。

In response to the problems of overly large size,insufficient adjustable frequency range,narrow bandwidth and difficulty in covering 5G/WiMAX/WLAN and other common frequency bands,this paper proposes a novel structure of frequency reconfigurable antenna with three operating states,which can work in the above frequency bands respectively.The size of the antenna is only 26 mm×32 mm×1 mm,which makes it more suitable for small mobile communication devices.The antenna is designed to switch between different modes of antenna operation by combining a new radiating patch element with slotting and switching.The antenna consists of two parts:microstrip patch antenna and DC bias circuit.The DC bias circuit consists of two sets of switches SW1 and SW2 consisting of four diodes and DC bias lines.By controlling SW1 and SW2,the antenna can work in broadband and two dual-band states.The broadband operating bands are 3.04~5.54 GHz.One dual-band operating bands ranges between 2.86~3.50 GHz and 5.09~6.17 GHz,and another dual-band operating bands ranges between 2.98~3.84 GHz and 4.61~5.88 GHz.The antenna model is physically processed and measured.The optimization test shows that the antenna can work normally in broadband mode and two dualband operating modes,and the reconfigurable characteristics of the antenna enable it to switch operating modes in different communication bands of 5G/WiMAX/WLAN,which is ideal for complex communication environments where 5G/WiMAX/WLAN sources are aggregated.