四川省234份公共场所洗浴水样军团菌检测结果分析

Analysis of legionella detection results of 234 bathing water samples from public places in Sichuan Province

目的了解四川省公共场所水环境中嗜肺军团菌污染状况,为控制和预防军团菌病提供数据支撑。方法2021年3月—2022年6月对四川省公共场所沐浴水、温泉水采样进行嗜肺军团菌检测,并对分离出的菌株进行血清分型,率的比较采用χ^(2)检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果77家公共场所中43家水样检出嗜肺军团菌,占55.84%,采集并检测样本234份,90份检出嗜肺军团菌,检出率38.46%,淋浴水、浴池水、温泉水检出率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.322,P=0.313),不同场所中宾馆(酒店)嗜肺军团菌检出率最高41.27%,不同级别宾馆(酒店)嗜肺军团菌检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=10.864,P=0.004),不同月份中7、8月份嗜肺军团菌检出率显著高于其它月份。四川省每个市(州)均有水样检出嗜肺军团菌,检出率最高为91.27%,检出率在10%~40%之间市(州)数最多,占38.10%。在90株菌株中LP1血清型占40%,LP2-15占60%。结论四川省公共场所淋浴水、温泉水等水环境嗜肺军团菌污染严重,有可能引发军团菌的暴发,应引起相关部门的重视,加强宾馆(酒店)等公共场所卫生监测和管理,督促企业做好供水系统清洗和消毒,预防军团菌病发生。

Objective To realize the contamination status of legionella pneumophila in the water environment of public places in Sichuan province,and to provide data support for the control and prevention of legionnaires’disease.Methods From March 2021 to June 2022,samples from bath water and hot spring water in public places in Sichuan province were collected for legionella pneumophila detection,and the isolated strains were serotyped,χ^(2) test was used to compare the rates,and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results Legionella pneumophila was detected in 43 of 77 public places,accounting for 55.84%.About 234 samples were collected and tested,and 90 samples were detected,with a detection rate of 38.46%.The difference of detection rate was no statistically significant between shower water,bath water and hot spring water(χ^(2)=2.322,P=0.313).The highest detection rate of legionella pneumophila was 41.27%in hotels in different places,there was statistically significant difference in the detection rate of legionella pneumophila in hotels of different levels(χ^(2)=10.864,P=0.004).The detection rate of legionella pneumophila in July and August was significantly higher than that in other months.legionella pneumophila was detected in water samples in every city(prefecture)of Sichuan province,with the highest detection rate of 91.27%,and the highest detection rate between 10%and 40%,accounting for 38.10%.Among the 90 strains,LP1 serotype accounted for 40%,LP2-15 accounted for 60%.Conclusions The water environment of shower water and hot spring water in public places in Sichuan province is seriously polluted by legionella pneumophila,which may lead to the outbreak of legionella,so relevant departments should pay attention to it,the health monitoring and management of hotels and other public places should be strengthen,and enterprises should be supervised to clean and disinfect the water supply system to prevent legionella disease.