高级氧化技术在硫化矿浮选中的应用

Application of Advanced Oxidation Processes on the Flotation of Sulphide Ore

为了促进高级氧化技术在硫化矿浮选中的运用与推广,针对现阶段可用于开采的硫化矿多为贫矿且伴生情况复杂、易分选硫化矿富矿逐渐减少、浮选分离效率低下、浮选精矿品位低和回收率不理想等问题,综述了高级氧化技术臭氧氧化、芬顿氧化和电化学催化氧化的作用机理及3种氧化技术在硫化矿分选过程中的应用现状及作用机制。高级氧化技术因可生成强氧化性羟基自由基、硫酸根自由基及超氧自由基等,使硫化矿表面因氧化产生新物质附着而改变矿物表面亲疏水性,并影响矿物与捕收剂之间的作用。通过对现阶段高级氧化技术在硫化矿浮选中的运用进行总结,发现通过控制氧化过程从而调控矿物表面性质,可作为实现硫化矿中有用矿物与脉石矿物分离的新思路。

In order to promote the application and promotion of advanced oxidation technology in sul⁃fide ore flotation,in view of the problems that most of the sulfide ore that can be used for mining at this stage are poor and complicated,the rich ore of easy-to-separate sulfide ore is gradually reduced,the flota⁃tion separation efficiency is low,the flotation concentrate grade is low and the recovery rate is not ideal,the mechanism of ozone oxidation,Fenton oxidation and electrochemical catalytic oxidation of advanced ox⁃idation technology and the application status and mechanism of three oxidation technologies in sulfide ore separation process are reviewed.Advanced oxidation technology can produce strong oxidizing hydroxyl radi⁃cals,sulfate radicals and superoxide radicals,so that the surface of sulfide ore can produce new substanc⁃es due to oxidation,which can change the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of mineral surface and affect the interaction between minerals and collectors.By summarizing the application of advanced oxidation tech⁃nology in sulfide ore flotation at present,it is found that controlling the oxidation process to regulate the surface properties of minerals can be used as a new idea to realize the separation of useful minerals and gangue minerals in sulfide ore.