锡基巴氏合金制备工艺与成分优化改性研究进展

Research progress on preparation technology and composition optimization modification of tin-based babbitt alloy

锡基巴氏合金作为一种性能优异的滑动轴承轴衬材料,是工业生产必不可少的材料。近年来,随着工业用大型、高性、重载机械设备不断涌现,传统的锡基巴氏合金材料和制备工艺逐渐表现出一些弊端,已无法满足新的需求,锡基巴氏合金材料制备工艺和成分优化改性又成为研究热点。锡基巴氏合金制备工艺的主要为离心铸造、电弧堆焊、钎焊、激光熔覆、原位微波辅助铸造技术等方法,分析不同制备工艺对锡基巴氏合金成分和涂层结合强度的影响;通过添加强化元素、化合物、碳材料、纳米材料等方法优化巴氏合金成分,进一步提高涂层结合强度,系列研究成果对延长轴承寿命起到了显著的作用。文中重点对锡基巴氏合金制备工艺与成分改性的研究进展进行了综述,提出设计开发新型锡基巴氏合金涂层结构,以提高锡基巴氏合金涂层结合强度和使用寿命,这将是国内外学者的研究重点和未来的发展趋势。

Tin-base babbitt alloy is an essential material for industrial production as a kind of excellent sliding bearing liner material.In recent years,with the continuous emergence of large-scale,high-performance,heavy-duty machinery and equipment for industrial use,the traditional tin based babbitt alloy materials and preparation processes gradually show some drawbacks,which have been unable to meet new needs.The preparation process and composition optimization and modification of tin based babbitt alloy materials have become a research hotspot.The preparation process of tin based babbitt alloy mainly includes centrifugal casting,arc surfacing,brazing,laser cladding,in-situ microwave assisted casting,etc.The effects of different preparation processes on the composition of tin based babbitt alloy and the bonding strength of coating are analyzed;By adding strengthening elements,compounds,carbon materials,nanomaterials and other methods to optimize the composition of babbitt alloy,further improve the bonding strength of the coating.A series of research achievements have played a significant role in extending the life of bearings.In this paper,the research progress of preparation technology and composition modification of tin-base babbitt alloy is reviewed,and it is proposed that the design and development of new tin-base babbitt coating structure to improve the bonding strength and service life of tin-base babbitt alloy coating will continue to be the research focus and future development trend of scholars at home and abroad.