路径依赖框架下社区养老服务体系存在问题的原因分析及对策

Causes and Countermeasures of Problems in the Community Elderly Care Service System under the Path-Dependence Framework

本研究聚焦社区养老专业性不足,没能在解决失能失智老年人照护上充分发挥作用的问题,应用路径依赖框架分析,旨在从社区养老政策体系的发展历程中寻找社区养老存在问题的原因。梳理发现社区养老经历了社区服务体系建设议题下的“社区养老”、养老服务体系建设议题下的“社区养老”、养老服务体系结构调整议题下的“社区养老”三个阶段。起源于非专业性的社区服务所产生的路径依赖,确实是导致社区养老存在问题的重要原因。在分析的基础上,提出如下建议:对社区养老需求进行充分调研;明确社区养老的政策内涵;加大财政投入,并通过适当方式进行引导扶持;强化对政策执行的监督;建立对政策进行评估、反馈、修订环节,完善政策过程。

This study focuses on the lack of professionalism of elderly care services in the community,which fails to play a full role in taking care of the disabled and demented elderly.The path-dependence analytical framework using in this study aims to find out the causes of problems existed in the community elderly care service system from the development process of the system.This paper finds that the community elderly care has gone through three stages:“community elderly care”from the perspectives of community service system construction,elderly care service system construction,and the structure adjustment of the elderly care service system.The path dependence originating from non-professional community services is indeed an important reason for the problems of community elderly care.On this basis,the following suggestions are put forward:fully investigating the needs of community elderly care services,clarifying the policy connotation of elderly care services,increasing financial investment to guide and support elderly care services through appropriate methods,strengthening the supervision of policy implementation,and establishing evaluation,feedback and revision mechanisms to improve the policy process.