哺乳动物卵子与早期胚胎中全转录组poly(A)尾研究进展

Research progress on the study of transcriptome-wide poly(A)tails in mammalian oocytes and early embryos

在哺乳动物卵子向胚胎转变过程中,卵子和胚胎中的转录在合子基因组激活之前都是沉默的,因此mRNA转录后修饰在此过程发挥着重要的作用。poly(A)尾巴是影响mRNA命运和翻译效率的一种重要的转录后修饰。随着测序技术和分析工具的进步,尤其是三代测序技术的发展,poly(A)尾的长度和组成能够被精确测量,极大地拓展了人们对于poly(A)尾在哺乳动物早期胚胎发育过程中的认识。本文对poly(A)尾研究方法的发展及其在卵子向胚胎转变中的研究进展进行评述,以期为哺乳动物早期胚胎发育和不孕不育相关疾病的研究带来新的思路。

During mammalian oocyte-to-embryo transition,before zygotic genome activation,the transcription in oocytes and embryos is silenced,so the post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA plays an essential role in this process.Poly(A)tail is an important post-transcriptional modification that affects mRNA metabolism and translation efficiency.With the development of sequencing technology and analysis tools,especially the methods based on third-generation sequencing technology,the length and composition of poly(A)tails can be accurately measured,greatly expanding our understanding of poly(A)tails in mammalian early embryonic development.This review focuses on the achievements of poly(A)tail sequencing methods and the research progress of poly(A)tail in regulating oocyte-to-embryo transition,discussing the future applications for the investigation of mammalian early embryonic development and infertility related diseases.