苦荞重组自交系群体果壳率及产量相关性状变异分析

Variation analysis of seed shell rate and yield-related traits of recombinant inbred lines population in Tartary buckwheat

为选育薄壳高产苦荞品种,探究苦荞果壳率和产量相关性状遗传变异,筛选低果壳率高产苦荞株系,利用“翅米荞×晋荞麦2号”衍生的重组自交系(CJ-RILs)群体,开展株高、主茎分枝数、千粒重、果仁重、果壳重、果壳率及产量等7个性状变异、相关性、方差和聚类分析。结果表明,“晋荞麦2号”千粒重、果壳重和果壳率均极显著高于“翅米荞”。CJ-RILs群体各调查性状均表现为连续变异,存在明显双向超亲分离现象,其中产量变异系数最大(41.98%),其次是果壳重(33.82%),再者是果壳率(22.95%),株高变异系数最小(11.18%)。产量与株高呈显著正相关,与主茎分枝数呈极显著负相关;果壳率、千粒重、果仁重、果壳重4个性状两两之间呈极显著正相关。非米荞型株系果壳率、千粒重、果仁重、果壳重均显著高于米荞型株系;米荞带翅型株系果仁重显著高于米荞无翅型株系。在欧氏距离为16.43~18.84处,185个株系和亲本被划分为5个类群,其中C4类群包含50个米荞型株系,果壳率均值显著低于其他类型,产量也较高,可作为高产且低果壳率苦荞品种选育的推荐材料。

In order to explore the genetic variation of seed shell rate and yield-related traits,screen out low-shell seed shell rate and high-yield lines,and provide theoretical guidance for breeding thin-shell and high-yield Tartary buckwheat varieties,the plant height(PH),branch number of main stem(BN),1000-seed weight(TSW),seed kernel weight(SKW),seed shell weight(SSW),seed shell rate(SR)and seed yield(SY)of a recombinant inbred lines(CJ-RILs)population derived from the cross of"Chimiqiao×Jinqiaomai 2"were subjected to variation analysis,correlation analysis,ANOVA analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that the TGW,SSW and SR of"Jinqiaomai 2"were significantly higher than those of"Chimiqiao".The investigated traits in the CJ-RILs population exhibited continuous quantitative distribution and obvious transgressive segregation.and the coefficient of variation for SY was the largest(41.98%),followed by SSW(33.82%)and SR(22.95%);and the coefficient of variation for PH was the smallest(11.18%).The SY was significantly positively correlated with PH,and extremely significantly negatively correlated with BN.There were extremely significantly positive correlations among SR,TSW,SKW and SSW.The TSW,SKW and SSW of non-rice buckwheat lines were significantly higher than those of rice buckwheat lines.The SKW of rice buckwheat lines with wing type was significantly higher than that of rice buckwheat lines without wing.At the Euclidean distance of 16.43-18.84,185 lines and two parents were divided into five groups,of which group C4 contained 50 rice buckwheat lines with the lowest SR and higher SY,which could be used as recommended materials for breeding Tartary buckwheat varieties with low-seed shell rate and high-yield.