新时期农民工就业质量提升的主要挑战与政策应对

Main Challenges and Policy Responses to Job Quality Promotion of Migrant Workers in the New Era

随着脱贫攻坚取得决定性胜利和小康社会全面建成,新时期我国农民工工作的中心任务是继续推进全面市民化和高质量就业。本文聚焦农民工就业质量提升,从理论上阐明了农民工就业质量与市民化之间的关联,认为高质量就业是促进农民工高质量全面市民化的基础。但当前中国农民工就业质量偏低,且面临老龄化加剧、就业灵活性扩张、工资增长相对滞缓等挑战,非但难以支撑起农民工全面市民化的发展目标,还存在沦为城市新贫困群体的风险。因此,新时期要根据中国城镇化战略的发展形势和需要,合理应对农民工就业质量提升面临的挑战,不断调适中国劳动就业政策体系,完善和强化劳动保障型、收入分配型、能力培养型和公共服务型政策工具,通过四种政策工具的组合运用实现农民工就业质量和市民化的同步提升。

With the decisive victory in poverty alleviation and the building of a well-off society in an all-round way,the central task of our country s migrant workers in the new era is to continue to promote the urbanization and job quality of migrant workers.This paper focused on job quality of migrant workers,and constructed a theoretical framework between job quality and urbanization.However,at present,the job quality of migrant workers in China is low,the aging population is intensifying,job flexibility is expanding,and wage growth is relatively slow.In the new era,according to the development situation and needs of the urbanization of migrant workers,China s labor and job policy system should be continuously adjusted,and the policy tools of labor security,income distribution,ability training and public service should be improved and strengthened to realize the simultaneous improvement of the job quality and urbanization of migrant workers.