1949-1978年白洋淀地区人水关系的重构

Reconstruction of the Human-water Relationship in Baiyangdian Area from 1949 to 1978

1949—1978年间,白洋淀地区气候大致以1965年为起点由多雨趋向干旱,人类活动叠加其上加剧了水环境变迁。其间人水互动可分为3个阶段:1949—1957年间,社会主义集体力量在抗灾自救中得到群众认同,人水关系走出传统观念的束缚;1958—1965年间,社会主义制度优势在1963年8月大洪水中进一步发挥,但是“大跃进”也使淀区水环境发生质变;1966—1978年间,工业污染、连续干淀,人水关系开始探索如何向工业化转型。总之,在马克思主义地理学理论指导下,学习借鉴苏联的理论和实践,与工农群众结合,通过“实践—理论—实践”的工作方法,探索构建了人水互动的社会主义模式。运动式、急于求成是期间最大的不足。

During the period of 1949—1978,the climate of Baiyangdian area changed from rainy to dry from 1965,and human activities superimposed on it aggravated the change of water environment.The interaction between people and water can be divided into three stages:during the period of 1949-1957,the socialist collective forces were recognized by people in the fight against disasters and self-rescue,and the relationship between people and water broke out of the shackles of traditional concepts;from 1958 to 1965,the advantages of the socialist system were further brought into play in the“63.8”flood,but the Great Leap Forward also caused a qualitative change in the water environment of the Lake area;from 1966 to 1978,due to industrial pollution and continuous dry deposition,the humanwater relationship began to be explored how to transform to industrialization.In short,under the guidance of Marxist geography theory,learning from the theory and practice of the Soviet Union,combining with the workers and farmers,and through the working method of“practice-theory-practice”,we explored and built a socialist model of human-water interaction.Sports style and the eagerness for success are the biggest shortcomings of the period.