提高妮娜女皇葡萄品质的技术研究

Technical studies on improving the quality of Queen Nina grape

针对妮娜女皇葡萄在苏南地区存在成熟期转色难、品质差的问题,于果实转色期对4年生植株进行不同处理,即处理T1-喷施叶面肥0.3%磷酸二氢钾4次,间隔10 d 1次;T2-喷施叶面肥+主干环割2道,间距3 mm;T3-喷施叶面肥+树下铺设反光膜;T4-喷施叶面肥+主干环割+树下铺设反光膜,研究对提高果实综合品质的效果。结果表明,与对照植株相比,处理组合均能促进果实着色;对提高葡萄综合品质指标而言,以T2处理组合喷施叶面肥+环割和T4处理组合喷施叶面肥+环割+铺设反光膜对于增大果形指数、单粒重,提升果实的可溶性固形物含量、促进果实着色效果较好。

In view of the problems of difficult color change at maturity and poor quality of Queen Nina grape in southern Jiangsu during the ripening period,different treatments were applied to four-year-old plants during the color change period.Namely,treatment T1-spray 0.3%potassium dihydrogen phosphate for four times once every 10 days;T2-Spraying foliar fertilizer+trunk ring cutting with a spacing of 3 mm;T3-foliar fertiliser+reflective film under the tree,T4-foliar fertiliser+ring cutting of the main stem+reflective film under the tree,to investigate the effect on improving the comprehensive quality of fruit.The results showed that compared with the control plants,all treatment combinations could promote fruit coloration;In terms of improving the comprehensive quality index of grapes,T2 treatment combined with foliar fertilizer+ring cutting,T4 treatment combined with foliar fertilizer+ring cutting+laying reflective film were more effective in increasing the fruit shape index and single grain weight,improving the soluble solid content of fruit,and promoting fruit coloration.