生活垃圾焚烧飞灰处置技术研究进展

Research Progress on Treatment Technology of MSWI Fly Ash

根据目前国内飞灰处置技术应用现状,简述生活垃圾焚烧飞灰的来源、特点及产量,说明飞灰是一种成分复杂并富集大量重金属和二噁英的危险废物。垃圾焚烧飞灰处理技术一般可分为物理化学法、固化稳定化和热处理技术,通过对这3种处置技术进行细分,详细总结了当前研究比较广泛处置技术的工艺原理、特点、处理效果及优、缺点。结合国内垃圾飞灰特点及处理技术现状,提出未来飞灰处置应集成不同技术的优势,创新技术装备,并考虑可行性、经济性和有效性,进一步提高无害化/资源化程度,同时应尽可能减少二次污染物的产生。

This paper describes the source,characteristics and output of domestic waste incineration fly ash,points out that fly ash is a kind of hazardous waste with complex components and rich in heavy metals and dioxins,expounds that the treatment technology of fly ash can generally be divided into physical and chemical methods,solidification stabilization and heat treatment.By subdividing these three disposal technologies,the process principle,characteristics,treatment effect,advantages and disadvantages of the currently widely studied disposal technologies are summarized in detail.Combined with the characteristics of domestic waste fly ash and the status of treatment technology,it is proposed that the disposal of fly ash in the future should integrate the advantages of different technologies,innovate technical equipment,and consider the feasibility,economy and effectiveness to further improve the degree of harmless/resource utilization,while minimizing the generation of secondary pollutants.