遮阴透光处理对雪茄晾制期间烟叶膜脂过氧化特性及晾制后化学成分的影响

Effects of Shading and Light-Transmitting Treatment on Lipid Peroxidation Characteristics of Cigar Leaves during Air-Curing and Chemical Composition after Air-Curing

为探究不同遮阴处理对雪茄烟晾制效果的影响,以川雪1号中部叶为试验材料,设置100%、85%、70%、55%和40%共5个遮阴透光处理,研究其对雪茄烟晾制过程中烟叶膜脂过氧化特性的影响。结果表明,55%~70%遮阴透光处理含水率显著高于其他处理,且70%遮阴透光失水速率适中,有利于提高颜色变化与物质转化协调性。55%~70%遮阴透光处理MDA含量显著低于其他处理,且POD、CAT、SOD和PPO始终维持较高活性,有利于降低膜脂过氧化水平。70%遮阴透光处理在晾制过程中绿原酸、芸香苷和莨菪亭含量在各个阶段维持适宜水平,有利于烟叶的抗氧化和品质形成。70%遮阴透光处理的雪茄烟叶晾制后化学成分协调性最好。综上所述,晾制过程70%遮阴透光处理烟叶失水速率协调,烟叶酶活性较好,抗氧化能力强,保障了酶促棕色化反应进程以及烟叶内含物质转化的协调性,提升了烟叶晾制效果。

To investigate the impact of various shading treatments on the air-curing effect of cigars,the middle leaves of Chuanxue No.1 were used as the material and the five light penetration of shading treatments with 100%,85%,70%,55%,and 40%were set to investigate their effects on the features of membrane lipid peroxidation during the air-curing process of cigar leaves.The results showed that,the moisture content of shadow treatments with 55%-70%light penetration was significantly higher than that of other treatments.Also the water loss rate was moderate under the 70%shading and light-transmitting treatment,which aided in improving color change and material transformation coordination.The MDA content of the 55%-70%shading and light-transmitting treatment was much lower than that of the other treatments.Furthermore,the activities of POD,CAT,SOD,and PPO were continuous high activity,which contributed to reduce membrane lipid peroxidation.The concentrations of chlorogenic acid,rutin,and scopoletin were maintained an appropriate level at all stages during the shadow treatments with 70%light penetration,which was beneficial to the antioxidation and quality formation of cigar leaves.The chemical composition of cigar leaves with 70%shading and light-transmitting treatment exhibited the best coordination after the air-curing.To summarize,the cigar leaves with 70%shading and light-transmitting treatment demonstrated good coordination of water loss rate,great enzyme activity and significant antioxidant capacity during the air-curing process,ensuring the coordination of enzymatic browning reaction process and substance transformation in tobacco leaves and improving the air-curing effects of tobacco leaves.