化肥配施园林废弃物堆肥对青稞产质量及土壤肥力的影响

Effects of Fertilizer Combined with Garden Waste Composton Yield, Quality of Highland Barley and Soil Fertility

研究化肥配施不同用量园林废弃物堆肥对青稞产量、品质及土壤肥力的影响,为青稞的优质高效生产提供技术支撑。试验设置5个处理,即常规施肥(225kg/hm^(2)尿素+150kg/hm^(2)过磷酸钙,CK),常规施肥+9000kg/hm^(2)园林废弃物堆肥(D1)、常规施肥+12 000kg/hm^(2)园林废弃物堆肥(D2)、常规施肥+15 000kg/hm^(2)园林废弃物堆肥(D3)和常规施肥+18 000kg/hm^(2)园林废弃物堆肥(D4)。对青稞株高、产量、品质及根际土壤肥力指标进行测定。结果表明,添加园林废弃物堆肥能够有效促进青稞株高生长;随着园林废弃物堆肥施用量的增加,青稞产量均提高,其中D1处理最高(5821.84kg/hm^(2)),D4处理最低(4724.21kg/hm^(2)),青稞粗脂肪、淀粉和可溶性糖的含量也有所增加,但对粗蛋白有一定的负影响;化肥配施园林废弃物堆肥能够有效降低农田土壤pH和EC值,增加有机质和含水量,提高土壤氮、磷、钾等养分的含量,增加土壤微生物数量,增强土壤酶活性,但对过氧化氢酶有一定负影响。由此可知,相对于常规施肥处理,其他4个添加园林废弃物堆肥处理对青稞产量和品质均有促进效果,根据主成分分析结果,以常规施肥+12 000kg/hm^(2)园林废弃物堆肥(D2)对青稞产量和品质提升效果最优。

Studying the effects of fertilizer combined with garden waste compost on the yield,quality and soil fertility of highland barley provided technical support for the high quality and efficient production of highland barley,five treatments were set up in the experiment,namely conventional fertilization(225kg/ha urea+150kg/ha superphosphate,CK),conventional fertilizer+9000kg/ha garden waste compost(D1),conventional fertilizer+12000kg/ha garden waste compost(D2),conventional fertilizer+15000kg/ha garden waste compost(D3)and conventional fertilizer+18000kg/ha Garden waste compost(D4).The highland barley plant height,yield,quality and rhizosphere soil fertility index were measured.The results indicated that,adding garden waste compost could effectively promote the growth of highland barley.With the increase of the application amount of garden waste compost,the yield of highland barley increased,with the highest(5821.84kg/ha)under D1 treatment and the lowest(4724.21kg/ha)under D4 treatment.The contents of crude fat,starch and soluble sugar of highland barley also increased,but had a negative effect on crude protein.Fertilizer combined with garden waste compost could effectively reduce soil pH and EC values,increase organic matter and water content,increase soil nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and other nutrients contents,increase the number of soil microorganisms,enhance soil enzyme activity,but had a certain negative effect on catalase.In conclusion,compared with conventional fertilization,the other four garden waste compost treatments could promote the yield and quality of highland barley.According to the principal component analysis,conventional fertilization+12000kg/ha garden waste compost(D2)had the best effect on the yield and quality of highland barley.