支气管哮喘合并急性鼻窦炎患儿临床特点分析

Analysis of clinical characteristics of children with bronchial asthma and acute sinusitis

目的探讨支气管哮喘合并急性鼻窦炎患儿的临床特点。方法选取2021年1-12月无锡市儿童医院收治的50例支气管哮喘患儿,分为单纯哮喘组25例和哮喘合并急性鼻窦炎组(哮喘+鼻窦炎组)25例,收集2组患儿的临床资料,总结临床特征,进行呼出气一氧化氮(FeNO)测定、肺功能检查、过敏原总IgE测定等并比较其结果。结果2组患儿在住院天数、哮喘发作时的严重程度、过敏原总IgE和FeNO值上比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但哮喘鼻窦炎组患儿在哮喘得到控制比例、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV_(1))占预计值百分比(FEV_(1)%)、FEV_(1)/用力肺活量(FVC)等指标上均低于单纯哮喘组,合并过敏性鼻炎占比高于单纯哮喘组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论哮喘合并鼻窦炎患儿与单纯哮喘比较,肺功能的下降程度和合并过敏性鼻炎病史方面显著升高,且哮喘控制效果差,合并急性鼻窦炎可以加重哮喘病情,临床上需要重视两者的关系。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of children with bronchial asthma complicated with acute sinusitis.MethodsA total of 50 children with bronchial asthma who were admitted to Wuxi Children's Hospital from January 2021 to December 2021 were selected,they were divided into simple asthma group of 25 cases and asthma combined with acute sinusitis group(asthma+sinusitis group)of 25 cases,the clinical data of the two groups were collected and the clinical characteristics were summarized.After admission,exhaled nitric oxide measurement(FeNO),pulmonary function test,and total allergen IgE measurement were performed and the results were compared.Results There were no significant differences in length of hospital stay,duration of asthma,total allergen IgE and FeNO values between the two groups.However,the proportion of asthma under control,the percentage of forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV_(1))to the predicted value(FEV_(1)%),and FEV_(1)/forced vital capacity(FVC)in the asthma complicated with acute sinusitis group were all lower than those in the simple asthma group,the concomitant allergic rhinitis was higher than that in the simple asthma group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with the simple asthma group,the children with asthma combined with sinusitis group had significantly higher levels of lung function decline and allergic rhinitis.and clinically,the control of asthma is poorer than that of simple asthma.The combination of acute sinusitis can aggravate the condition of asthma.Clinically,attention should be paid to the relationship between the two.