饼粕型有机专用肥对油茶生长及嫩叶化学成分的影响

Effects of Cake Type Organic Fertilizer on Growth and Chemical Composition of Young Leaves of Camellia oleifera

本文采用田间小区试验,研究不同饼粕型油茶有机专用基肥(Ⅰ型基肥750 kg/hm^(2);Ⅱ型基肥750 kg/hm^(2);Ⅲ型基肥750 kg/hm^(2)+发酵三饼肥300 kg/hm^(2))对油茶生长发育及产量和嫩叶化学成分的影响。结果表明,施用饼粕型油茶有机专用基肥能有效促进油茶植株生长及嫩叶最大面积的占比,Ⅱ型基肥(饼粕750 kg/hm^(2))表现最佳。施用饼粕型基肥有利于油茶籽粒产量的提高,其中Ⅲ型基肥的作用最佳,高于纯化肥对照组13.54%,饼肥有利于嫩叶总氮的提高,Ⅲ型基肥对提高下部叶、中部叶总氮含量效果较优,Ⅱ型基肥对提高上部叶总氮含量效果较优。Ⅰ型基肥对下部叶、中部叶糖碱平衡效果较好,Ⅲ型基肥对上部叶糖碱平衡效果较好。从总体效果来看Ⅲ型基肥(750 kg/hm^(2)+发酵三饼肥300 kg/hm^(2))优于Ⅰ型及Ⅱ型基肥。

A field plot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different cake type organic special base fertilizers(type I base fertilizer 750 kg/hm^(2);type II base fertilizer 750 kg/hm^(2);type III base fertilizer 750 kg/hm^(2)+fermented three cake fertilizer 300 kg/hm^(2))on the growth,yield and chemical composition of young leaves of Camellia oleifera.The results showed that the application of cake type organic special base fertilizer could effectively promote the growth of Camellia oleifera and the proportion of the largest area of young leaves,and the performance of type II base fertilizer(cake 750 kg/hm^(2))was the best.The application of cake type base fertilizer is conducive to the improvement of Camellia oleifera grain yield.The effect of type III base fertilizer is the best,which is 13.54%higher than that of pure chemical fertilizer control group.Cake fertilizer is conducive to the increase of total nitrogen in young leaves.Type III base fertilizer has a better effect on the increase of total nitrogen content in lower and middle leaves,and type II base fertilizer has a better effect on the increase of total nitrogen content in upper leaves.Type I base fertilizer had better effect on sugar alkali balance of lower and middle leaves,and type III base fertilizer had better effect on sugar alkali balance of upper leaves.Overall effect:type III base fertilizer(750 kg/hm^(2)+300 kg/hm^(2) fermented three cake fertilizer)is better than type I and type II base fertilizer.