基于街区立体形态簇群特征解析的城市形态分区研究

Study on Urban Form Zoning Based on the Analysis of the Cluster Characteristics of the Three-dimensional Form of Urban Blocks

形态分区是分析城市形态演变规律、开展城市设计管控的重要研究基础和依据。相比多数西方城市,我国大量老城街区拥有更加复杂多变的立体形态肌理。研究旨在探索尚未被论证的形态肌理背后的相似性特征。通过挖掘和分析街区立体形态特征数据,首先以南京老城街区样本为例进行探索性分析。经过簇群特征的定量解析发现,南京老城样本显现出5个大类及若干亚类的形态簇群结构特征。而在进一步探索城市中心区立体形态肌理时,同样观察到15个国际城市样本存在簇群关系。从而证实复杂的街区立体形态肌理背后存在“形态相似性”。以期为验证和对比街区形态簇群背后大量非物质要素结构的相似性或异质性、探索城市立体形态簇群结构的功能效应,以及中观尺度下城市空间肌理的延续、调整与管控提供分析依据。

Form zoning is an important research basis for analyzing the evolution law of urban form and carrying out urban design control.Compared with most Western cities,a large number of old city blocks in China have more complex and changeable three-dimensional shape texture.It is still unknown whether there are some similar features behind its seemingly disordered morphology and texture,and which can form a unique urban morphology zoning structure from the perspective of three-dimensional morphology.By sorting out and analyzing the three-dimensional morphological data of the block,this study first takes the sample of Nanjing old city block as an example for exploratory analysis.Through the quantitative analysis of cluster characteristics,it finds that the sample of Nanjing old city shows the morphological cluster structure characteristics of five categories and several subclasses.While further exploring the three-dimensional morphology and texture of the urban center,it also observes that fifteen international urban samples have cluster relationships.It is believed that there is“morphological similarity”behind the complex three-dimensional morphological texture of the block.In the future,we can further verify and compare the similarity or heterogeneity of a large number of non-material elements behind the block shape cluster,explore the functional effect of the urban three-dimensional shape cluster structure,and provide an analytical basis for the continuation,adjustment and control of urban spatial texture at the mesoscale.