河南省“十四五”环境空气质量生态补偿机制探讨

Discussion on ecological compensation mechanism of environmental air quality in Henan Province in"14th Five-Year Plan"

河南省大气环境形势依然严峻。为了调动各方积极性,更合理地实施生态保护补偿,文章通过评估河南省环境空气质量生态补偿机制实施情况,对“十三五”“十四五”期间环境空气质量生态补偿情况进行对比分析,以2020年为基准,计算了增加补偿因子、设置补偿标准和阶梯临界点后的河南省各省辖市(示范区)生态补偿情况。结果表明,增加O_(3)和NO_(2)月均浓度和月均浓度同比改善率,与仅考虑PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)月均浓度和月均浓度同比改善率相比,支偿增加了39246万元,得补增加了34505万元,优化设置阶梯临界点为5%后,支偿相应减少了6547万元,得补相应减少了7876万元,其结果更加合理。河南省环境空气质量生态补偿机制仍存在一些不适应新形势新要求的问题,需要结合新形势新要求不断提出调整完善现行生态补偿机制的具体举措。

The atmospheric environment situation in Henan Province is still severe.In order to enhance the enthusiasm of all parties and implement the ecological protection compensation more rationally,the ecological compensation mechanism for the environmental air quality in Henan Province has been evaluated.A comparative analysis of the quality of ecological compensation between the"13th Five-Year Plan"and"14th Five-Year Plan"was carried out.Based on the situation in 2020,the ecological compensations in various demonstration areas in Henan Province were calculated by increasing compensation factors,setting compensation standards and stepping thresholds.The results showed that increasing the monthly average concentration and year-onyear improvement rate,the compensation had increased by 392.46 million yuan,compared with the improvement rate with only considering the monthly average concentration of PM_(2.5)and PM_(10).After an increase of 345.05 million yuan and the optimized setting of the critical point of the ladder to 5%,the compensation was reduced correspondingly of 65.47 million yuan.And the compensation was reduced by 78.76 million yuan with a more reasonable result.The environmental air quality ecological compensation mechanism in Henan Province still has some problems that are not suitable for the new situation and new requirements.It is necessary to continuously propose specific measures to adjust and improve the current ecological compensation mechanism in accordance with the new situation and new requirements.