生态安全视角下遗传资源利用的环境风险规制

Environmental Risk Regulation of Genetic Resources Utilization from the Perspective of Ecological Security

遗传资源利用存在基因、物种、生态系统层面的环境风险,而生态安全作为融合生态文明思想与总体国家安全观的重要理念,应成为遗传资源利用环境风险规制的根本遵循。目前国内外遗传资源利用的环境风险规制政策与法律体系已初步形成,但实践中仍暴露出诸多问题,为此提出四条优化建议:应完善环境安全应急处理体制机制,构建环境安全风险识别、评价、监测体系,重塑遗传资源利用环境损害的责任机制与救济机制,加强对于遗传信息数字化利用的监管,以期加快形成完备的遗传资源利用的环境风险规制综合体系,大力推进生态文明建设。

There are environmental risks at the level of gene,species and ecosystem in the use of genetic resources.Ecological security,as the core concept that integrates ecological civilization thought and the overall national security concept,should be the fundamental compliance of environmental risk regulation in the use of genetic resources.At present,the policy and legal system of environmental risk regulation for the utilization of genetic resources at home and abroad have been preliminarily formed,but many problems are still exposed in practice.For this reason,the following optimization suggestions are proposed,such as improving the environmental security emergency treatment system and mechanism,building the environmental security risk identification,evaluation and monitoring system,reconstructing the responsibility mechanism and relief mechanism of environmental damage caused by the use of genetic resources,and strengthening the supervision of the digital utilization of genetic information.The purpose of these suggestions is to speed up the comprehensive system of a complete environmental risk regulation in the use of genetic resources and vigorously advance the construction of ecological civilization.