家鸽消化道6种酶的分布与组织定位

Distribution and histological localization of six types of enzymes in the digestive tract of Columba livia

目的研究家鸽消化道黏膜酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、腺苷三磷酸酶(ATPase)、非特异性酯酶(NSE)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)和过氧化物酶(POX)等6种酶的分布及组织定位。方法在成体家鸽消化道中的8个部位取样,采用冷冻切片、酶组织化学染色和光密度定量分析技术检测ACP、ALP、ATPase、NSE、SDH和POX的分布及活力。结果ACP在肌胃、空肠和十二指肠酶活力较高,而在腺胃、回肠、盲肠、直肠和食道酶活力较低。ALP在腺胃、十二指肠、空肠、回肠和直肠酶活力显著较高,盲肠和食道次之,肌胃酶活力最低。ATPase在除直肠外的其它部位酶活力均显著较高。NSE在肌胃酶活力最高,空肠、盲肠、回肠和食道次之,十二指肠、腺胃和直肠酶活力较低。SDH在食道、腺胃和肌胃酶活力显著较高,直肠次之,回肠、盲肠和空肠相对较低,十二指肠酶活力最低。POX在腺胃酶活力最高,肌胃、十二指肠、食道和回肠次之,直肠、空肠和盲肠酶活力较低。结论家鸽消化道6种酶的分布与其不同部位的消化吸收功能相适应。十二指肠和空肠是进行蛋白质细胞内消化和吸收的主要部位;小肠各部位对脂类、葡萄糖、钙离子以及无机磷酸盐均有较强的吸收作用;空肠、回肠和盲肠是消化酯类物质的主要部位。

Objective To investigate the distribution and histological localization of six enzymes,including acid phosphatase(ACP),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),adenosine triphosphatase(ATPase),non-specific esterase(NSE),succinate dehydrogenase(SDH)and peroxidase(POX)in the digestive tract of Columba livia.Methods Tissue samples were taken from eight parts of the digestive tract of adult Columba livia,and enzyme activities were detected by techniques such as cryosection,enzyme histochemical staining and optical density quantitative analysis.Results The activity of ACP was significantly higher in muscular stomach,jejunum and du­odenum,while significantly lower in glandular stomach,ileum,cecum,rectum and esophagus.ALP had significantly higher activity in glandular stomach,duodenum,jejunum,ileum and rectum,followed by cecum and esophagus,while the activity was the lowest in muscular stomach.ATPase exhibited significantly higher activity in all parts except the rectum.NSE showed the highest activity in muscular stomach,followed by jejunum,cecum,ileum and esophagus,while the activity was lower in duodenum,glandular stomach and rectum.SDH had significantly higher activity in esophagus,glandular stomach and muscular stomach,followed by rectum,the activity was lower in ileum,cecum and jejunum,and the lowest in duodenal.POX had the highest activity in glandular stomach,fol­lowed by muscular stomach,duodenum,esophagus and ileum,and the activity was lower in rectum,jejunum and cecum.Conclusion The distribution of six enzymes in the digestive tract of Columba livia was compatible with the digestive and absorptive function of different parts.The duodenum and jejunum are the main sites for intracellular digestion and absorption of proteins.The whole small intestine plays a strong role in the absorption of lipids,glucose,calcium ions and inorganic phosphates.The jejunum,ileum,and cecum are the main sites for digesting esters.