水利水电工程锚索超注浆补偿探讨

Discussion on over Grouting Compensation of Anchor Cable in Water Conservancy and Hydropower Projects

在地质条件差的水利水电工程坝基、边坡、洞室边墙及顶拱等部位,为提高建筑物的抗裂能力和防裂能力,经常设置锚索,故水利水电工程锚索属于常见项目。锚索项目具有工期短、造价低、布置方面、施工干扰小、施工技术易掌握等特点。锚索施工包括造孔(钻孔、固结、扩孔)、编索(除锈、编索)、吊装(运输、吊装)、放束、张拉(张拉、安装等)、封孔灌浆等施工步骤。在封孔灌浆施工环节,因各种原因,常导致注浆量远超过投标量,产生超注浆。文章首先进行超注浆的原因分析,确定超注浆的责任归属;然后从法律、法规角度分析锚索超注浆补偿的法律依据,从招标投标文件等角度分析锚索超注浆补偿的合同依据;最后提出几种锚索超注浆补偿方案,分析探讨各方案的优缺点,并提出建议。

In the dam foundation,side slope,side wall of cavern and top arch of water conservancy and hydropower projects with poor geological conditions,in order to improve the crack resistance and crack resistance of buildings,anchor cables are often set,so the anchor cables of water conservancy and hydropower projects belong to common projects.The anchor cable project has the characteristics of short construction period,low cost,layout,small construction interference and easy to master construction technology.The anchor cable construction includes the construction steps of hole making(drilling,consolidation,hole expansion),cable weaving(derusting,cable weaving),hoisting(transportation,hoisting),beam releasing,tensioning(tensioning,installation,etc.),hole sealing grouting,etc.During the construction of hole sealing grouting,due to various reasons,the grouting amount is far more than the bidding amount,resulting in over grouting.Firstly,this paper analyzes the causes of over grouting and determines the responsibility of over grouting.Secondly,the legal basis of anchor cable over grouting compensation is analyzed from the perspective of laws and regulations,and the contract basis of anchor cable over grouting compensation is analyzed from the perspective of bidding documents.Finally,the author puts forward several compensation schemes for over grouting of anchor cable,analyzes their advantages and disadvantages,and puts forward the author's suggestions.