阜阳地区登记在册精神分裂症患者高危险行为情况及其影响因素分析

Analysis of high‐risk behavior of registered schizophrenic patients in the Fuyang area and its influencing factors

目的 调查阜阳地区登记在册精神分裂症患者高危险行为发生情况及其影响因素。方法 选取2018年1月至2021年12月阜阳市精神卫生防治工作信息管理系统中登记在册的1 264例精神分裂症患者为研究对象,收集人口学资料、临床资料、随访信息,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归模型对影响精神分裂症患者高危险行为的因素进行分析。结果 1 264例精神分裂症患者中,男性703例,女性561例,平均年龄(42.15±14.06)岁。共102例患者危险性评估为3~5级,高危险行为发生率为8.07%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,离婚/丧偶(OR=2.03)、未婚(OR=5.07)、未服用抗精神病药物(OR=3.16)、既往高危险行为史(OR=3.12)、未参加年度健康体检(OR=2.67)、每月社区面访次数≥5次(OR=1.30)是精神分裂症患者高危险行为的危险因素,每月社区面访次数1~2次(OR=0.57)、3~4次(OR=0.58)是精神分裂症患者高危险行为的保护因素。结论 应加强对精神分裂症患者高危险行为相关因素的综合评估,及时采取分级分类管理,从而有效降低高危险行为发生率。

ObjectiveTo investigate the high-risk behavior of registered schizophrenic patients in the Fuyang ar-ea and its influencing factors.MethodsA total of 1264 patients with schizophrenia registered in the Mental Health Pre-vention and Treatment Information Management System of Fuyang City from January 2018 to December 2021 were select-ed.Demographic data,clinical data,and follow-up information were collected,and univariate and multivariate Logistic re-gression were used to analyze the factors affecting the high-risk behavior of patients with schizophrenia.ResultsAmong the 1264 patients with schizophrenia,703 were males and 561 were females,with an average age of(42.15±14.06)years.The risk assessment of 102 patients was 3-5,and the incidence of high-risk behavior was 8.07%.The results of multivari-ate Logistic regression analysis showed that divorce/widowed(OR=2.03),unmarried(OR=5.07),not taking antipsy-chotic drugs(OR=3.16),previous history of high-risk behavior(OR=3.12),not participating in annual health checkup(OR=2.67),and the number of community visits≥5 times per month(OR=1.30)were risk factors for high-risk behav-ior in patients with schizophrenia.The number of community visits 1-2 times(OR=0.57)and 3-4 times(OR=0.58)per month were protective factors for high-risk behavior in patients with schizophrenia.ConclusionIt is necessary to strengthen the comprehensive evaluation of the factors related to high-risk behavior in schizophrenia patients,and adopt the classification management in time,to effectively reduce the incidence of high-risk behavior.