基于环节差异的农业社会化服务与农业种植收入:来自江苏省水稻种植户的实证研究

Agricultural Socialized Services and Agricultural Planting Income based on Link Differences:An Empirical Study of ice Farmers in Jiangsu Province

基于江苏省1 471户水稻种植户的微观调查数据,采用倾向得分匹配(PSM)方法和中介效应模型,实证分析基于环节差异的农业社会化服务对农业种植收入的影响及其作用机制。结果表明:第一,水稻生产过程中不同环节的社会化服务对农户稻作收入存在差异化作用,且结果具有较好的稳健性。采纳施药环节社会化服务使农户稻作收入提升48.01%,采纳耕地和收割环节社会化服务分别降低农户25.43%和23.12%的稻作收入,而采纳栽种环节社会化服务对农户稻作收入的影响并不显著。第二,土地规模化经营是社会化服务影响农户稻作收入的重要作用路径,具体表现为土地规模化经营在耕地和收割环节社会化服务降低农户稻作收入过程中存在中介效应,在施药环节社会化服务提升农户稻作收入过程中存在遮掩效应,而在栽种环节中未表现出显著的中介效应。据此,建议进一步优化农业社会化服务体系,降低农户采纳社会化服务的成本,同时协调服务适度规模经营与土地适度规模经营共同发展,加快农业农村现代化进程,并有效促进农户的农业种植收入增长。

Based on the micro-survey data of 1471 rice farmers in Jiangsu province,the propensity score matching(PSM)method and mediating effect model were used to empirically analyze the impact and mechanism of agricultural socialization services based on link differences on agricultural planting income.The results show that:firstly,socialized services in different links in the rice production process have differentiat⁃ed effects on farmers’income from rice cultivation with good robustness.Among them,the adoption of social⁃ized services in the pesticides-spraying process can increase the income from rice cultivation of farmers by 48.01%,while the adoption of socialized services in cultivated land and harvesting reduce the income from rice cultivation by 25.43%and 23.12%,respectively,and the impact of socialized services on farmers’in⁃come from rice cultivation is not significant.Secondly,large-scale land management is an important part of socialized services affecting farmers’income from rice cultivation,which is specifically manifested in the me⁃diating effect of large-scale land management in the process of socialized services in cultivated land and har⁃vesting links to reduce farmers’income from rice cultivation,and the concealment effect in the process of so⁃cialized services in the pesticides spraying process to improve farmers’income from rice cultivation,and there is no significant intermediary effect in the planting link.Therefore,it is suggested to further optimize the agricultural socialization service system,reduce the cost of farmers in adopting socialized services,and coor⁃dinate the common development of moderate-scale service operation and land-scale operation,accelerate the process of agricultural and rural modernization,and effectively promote the growth of farmers’agricultural planting income.