清代何元炳《采茶曲》新考

A New Exploration of He Yuanbing’s Tea-Picking Poems in the Qing Dynasty

清代江西乐平人何元炳,曾作有《采茶曲》组诗八首。经考证,我们发现,该《采茶曲》是何元炳到江西新余蒙山一带旅游时所作,成诗于他赴安徽任职之前。因此,诗歌内容与安徽无关。该诗只能证明,何元炳碰到了很多从湖北黄梅县来蒙山务工的茶农,这些茶农在“揀得新茶”后唱茶歌。因为茶歌与以“歌舞演故事”为特征的采茶戏有着本质的区别,所以何元炳的《采茶曲》,无法作为黄梅县在清代是否有采茶戏的证据,以及采茶戏是否向外省传播的证据。

He Yuanbing,a native of Leping of Jiangxi Province in the Qing Dynasty,once wrote eight Tea-Picking Poems.After textual research,it is found that the Tea-Picking Poems were written when He Yuanbing traveled to the Mengshan Mountain in Xinyu County,Jiangxi Province and before he worked in Anhui Province.Therefore,the content of the poems had nothing to do with Anhui Province.Therefore,He Yuanbin’s Tea-Picking Poems cannot be used to prove whether there was the Teapicking Opera in Huangmei County in the Qing Dynasty and whether the Tea-picking Opera were spread to other provinces.