我国快速货物运输模式的探讨

Discussion on the Mode of Rapid Freight Transportation in China

鉴于我国宣布的碳中和的时间节点和“交通运输行业十四五规划”对二氧化碳排放强度要求,推动交通用能低碳多元发展,积极推广新能源和清洁能源运输车辆,以往的运输工具将面临快速货物运输要求的严峻挑战,将出现难以使用燃油作为牵引动力的情况。为此,文章对我国快速货物运输模式进行探讨,设想采用集装箱作为多式联运的货物运输载体,铁路和公路运输分工合作,即公路汽车承担运输距离在500 km以下的短途运输,铁路承担运输距离在500 km以上的中长途运输,以50多个铁路集装箱大型枢纽站作为公路、铁路集装箱运输转运站进行公路和铁路的集装箱换装,并进行铁路集装箱平车和集装箱编组,以减少铁路运输途中的编组作业站点和缩短运输时间。同时,以物流公司的仓库或冷库作为货物的装卸地,由物流公司进行货物的收集、装箱和分发,从而实现门到门快速集装箱货物运输。

According to China′s announced carbon neutrality time plan and the“14th Five-Year Plan for the Transportation Industry”on CO2emission intensity requirements,the low-carbon diversified development of transportation energy should be promoted,and new energy and clean energy transportation vehicles should be actively promoted.The previous means of transport will face the requirements and severe challenges of fast cargo transportation and face the dilemma of not being able to use fuel as traction power.Therefore,this paper explores the mode of rapid cargo transportation in China,and envisages the use of containers as the carrier of multimodal cargo transportation.The division of labor between railroad and road transport is adopted,i.e.road cars are used for short-distance transport at a distance of less than 500km,and railway vehicles are used for medium and long distance transportation at a distance of more than 500km.More than 50railway container large hub stations are used as road and railway container transport transfer stations for road and railway container reloading,and railway container flat cars are grouped with containers to reduce grouping operation sites and shorten transportation time during railway transportation.In addition,the warehouse or cold storage of the logistics company is used as the loading and unloading place of the goods,and the collection,packing and distribution of the goods are carried out by the logistics company,thus realizing door-to-door fast container cargo transportation.