轨道车辆橡胶弹性元件燃烧性能与设计结构的关系

Relationship between Combustion Performance and Design Structure of Rubber Elastic Elements of Rail Vehicles

EN 45545-2:2000标准中列出了轨道车辆橡胶弹性元件的燃烧性能参数并要求测试试样的结构需与产品的结构保持相关性。文章通过试验研究表明,对于纯橡胶的弹性元件,燃烧性能随着橡胶厚度的不同而不同,橡胶厚度为6 mm左右时燃烧性能最差,随着橡胶厚度的增加而改善,当橡胶厚度超过15 mm后,改善效果不再明显;对于橡胶与钢板复合的弹性元件,橡胶厚度在15 mm以内时,钢板明显影响橡胶的燃烧性能,可使其燃烧性能参数MARHE、D_(S,max)大幅降低;对于橡胶与钢板叠层复合的弹性元件,对橡胶起到分隔作用的钢板能够明显改变橡胶的燃烧性能,钢板间距越小,改变程度越大,燃烧性能参数MARHE、D_(S,max)越小。因此,橡胶弹性元件的燃烧性能参数值与试样的形状和尺寸相关,即与产品设计结构相关,不应认为是橡胶材料的固有基础性能。

EN 45545-2:2000standard lists the combustion performance parameters of rubber elastic elements of rail vehicles and requires that the structure of the test sample should be related to its structure.The experimental results show that for the elastic element of pure rubber,the combustion performance varies with the thickness of rubber.The combustibility is the worst when the thickness of rubber is about 6mm,and it improves with the increase of the thickness of rubber.However,when the rubber thickness exceeds 15mm,the improvement effect of combustion performance is no longer obvious.For the elastic element composed of rubber and steel plate,when the rubber thickness is within 15mm,the combustion performance of rubber is obviously affected by the steel plate,and the combustion performance parameters of MARHE,D_(S,max) will be greatly reduced.For the laminated composite elastic element of rubber and steel plate,the steel plate that separates the rubber can significantly change the combustion performance of the rubber,and the smaller the steel plate spacing,the greater the degree of change,and the smaller the combustion performance parameters of MARHE,D_(S,max).Therefore,the combustion performance parameters of rubber elastic elements are related to the shape and size of the sample,that is,related to the product design structure,and should not beconsidered as the inherent basic properties of rubber materials.