mTOR抑制剂对肾细胞癌免疫微环境影响的研究进展

Research progress on the effects of mTOR inhibitors on the immune microenvironment of renal cell carcinoma

哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)在肾细胞癌(RCC)中普遍激活,并通过多种方式导致RCC的免疫抑制。靶向mTOR治疗无法改善这种免疫抑制,反而进一步抑制了肿瘤浸润T细胞的功能。文章讨论mTOR抑制剂对RCC免疫微环境的影响,重点关注与RCC患者预后显著相关的免疫细胞,并总结了一些联合治疗方案,为晚期RCC患者药物治疗方案的选择提供依据。mTOR抑制剂联合免疫治疗与较高剂量mTOR抑制剂单药治疗抑制肿瘤生长的能力相当,且改善了免疫抑制。mTOR抑制剂联合免疫治疗是晚期RCC患者有前途的治疗方案。

The mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)is frequently activated in renal cell carcinoma(RCC)and leads to immunosuppression of RCC in a number of ways.Targeting mTOR does not improve this immune suppression,but rather inhibits the function of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes(TIL).This article analyzed the effects of mTOR inhibitors on the immune microenvironment of RCC,focusing on the immune cells that were significantly associated with the patients'prognosis.Furthermore,it summarized several combined treatment schemes to provide basis for the drug selection in patients with advanced RCC.The combination of immunotherapy with mTOR inhibitors is comparable to higher doses of mTOR inhibitor monotherapy in suppressing tumor growth and improving immunosuppression.Therefore,it is a promising therapeutic option for patients with advanced RCC.