生物炭投入对稻田土壤微生物量碳氮及水稻品质的影响

Effects of Biochar Input on Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen and Rice Quality in Paddy Fields

为探讨贵州黄壤稻田中生物炭还田效应,通过田间定位试验,设置5个处理:ck(NPK)、B 1(NPK+4.0 t/hm^(2)生物炭)、B 2(NPK+8.0 t/hm^(2)生物炭)、B 3(NPK+12.0 t/hm^(2)生物炭)、B 4(NPK+16.0 t/hm^(2)生物炭),分析添加生物炭对土壤微生物量碳氮及水稻产量和品质的影响。结果表明,施用生物炭显著提高了土壤有机碳含量,对全氮含量影响不显著,降低了土壤微生物熵(qMB);SMBC、SMBN含量及SMBC/SMBN值随生物炭用量增加呈先增后减趋势,SMBC、SMBN含量以B 2处理最高。各处理的qMB、SMBC、SMBN及SMBC/SMBN和SMBN/TN相互间存在显著或极显著正相关关系。添加生物炭显著提高了水稻产量和品质,以B 2处理稻米产量和品质最高,较ck增产15.21%。本试验条件下,8.0 t/hm^(2)生物炭与化肥配施对提高黄壤稻田土壤微生物量碳氮和水稻产量及改善水稻品质效果最好。

In order to explore the effect of returning biochar to paddy fields in yellow soil of Guizhou Province,through field localization experiment,set up five treatments,ck(NPK),B 1(NPK+4.0 t/hm^(2)biochar),B 2(NPK+8.0 t/hm^(2)biochar),B 3(NPK+12.0 t/hm^(2)biochar),B 4(NPK+16.0 t/hm^(2)biochar).The effects of biochar addition on soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen,rice yield and quality were analyzed.The results showed that the application of biochar significantly increased soil organic carbon content,but had no significant effect on total nitrogen content,and decreased soil microbial entropy(qMB).The content of SMBC and SMBN and the value of SMBC/SMBN increased first and then decreased with the increase of biochar dosage,and the content of SMBC and SMBN was the highest in B 2 treatment.There were significant or extremely significant positive correlations between qMB,SMBC,SMBN,SMBC/SMBN and SMBN/TN in each treatment.The addition of biochar significantly increased the yield and quality of rice,and the yield and quality of rice treated with B 2 was the highest,which increased by 15.21%compared with ck.Under the experimental conditions,8.0 t/hm^(2)biochar combined with chemical fertilizer had the best effect on improving soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen,rice yield and rice quality in yellow soil paddy field.