羌塘盆地地震勘探技术的思考与建议

Thoughts and Suggestions on Seismic ExplorationTechnology in Qiangtang Basin

地处青藏高原腹地的羌塘盆地油气资源潜力巨大,被视为今后中国关键的油气资源接替区,对于未来能源发展具有重要意义。由于羌塘盆地所处的地理位置以及复杂的地质构造,使得目前油气勘探程度和研究程度较低。复杂的表层结构和地质构造使得以往的地震勘探方法往往难以取得高质量成果。本文广泛收集了羌塘盆地以往地震资料及勘探成果,分别从单炮记录、地震反射剖面等方面对勘探技术现状和前期存在的问题进行分析,总结出羌塘盆地“双高双复杂”、整体资料品质差、勘探程度低、施工困难等难点。可以分别通过地震采集攻关、采集处理解释一体化相结合、多元化物探综合解释和地震勘探设备及工艺改良等应对措施,从4个方面提高地震资料的品质,为新一轮西藏羌塘盆地油气资源评价和勘探突破提供助力。

The Qiangtang Basin,located in the central region of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,has great potential for oil and gas resources.It is considered an important oil and gas resources replacement area in China,which is of great significance for future energy development.Due to its geographical location and complex structural conditions,the current degree of oil and gas exploration and research is low.Complex surface structure and geological structure make it difficult for previous seismic exploration methods to achieve high-quality results.This paper extensively collects the previous seismic data and exploration results of the Qiangtang Basin,analyzes the current exploration technology and existing problems in the early stage from the aspects of single shot recording and seismic reflection profile,and summarizes the exploration characteristics and difficulties of the Qiangtang Basin,such as“double high and double complex”,poor overall data quality,low degree of exploration and plateau construction.The quality of seismic data can be improved from four aspects by taking such measures as tackling key problems in seismic acquisition,integrating acquisition,processing and interpretation,comprehensive interpretation of diversified geophysical exploration and improving seismic exploration equipment and technology,which provides assistance for a new round of oil and gas resource evaluation and exploration breakthrough in the Qiangtang Basin on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China.