天然气集输管道水合物防治方法研究进展

Research Progress on Prevention Methods of Natural Gas Hydrate in Gas Gathering and Transportation Pipelines

天然气集输管道水合物沉积、堵塞是威胁管道流动性安全的重要风险,极易造成管道过流面积骤减、憋压、天然气泄漏等重大隐患。因此,加强水合物管理,防范水合物流动障碍是保障管道安全平稳运行的关键。主要介绍了近年来国内外水合物防治方法研究进展,研究表明管道水合物防治措施有注剂(水合物动力学、热力学抑制剂、防聚剂)、加热保温、井下节流、天然气干燥除水、堵塞管段降压放空和管道内壁表面改性等。其中,加入热力学水合物抑制剂和加热保温仍为现阶段广泛使用的方法,而新兴的管道表面改性技术为加强管道水合物管理提供了新思路新方法。

Deposition and blockage of natural gas hydrate in gas gathering and transportation pipelines is the most important risks threatening the safety of pipeline flow,easily resulting in sudden reduction of pipeline flow area,pressure suppression and natural gas leakage.Therefore,strengthening hydrate management and preventing hydrate flow obstacle takes a key role in the safe and stable oper⁃ation of pipelines.The recent progresses of hydrate prevention methods are summarized in this study.There have been several mea⁃sures for hydrate prevention,such as injection agent(kinetic and thermodynamic hydrate inhibitors,anti-agglomerants),heating and in⁃sulation,underground throttling,water removal by drying natural gas,part depressurization and draining of blocked pipeline section,and surface modification of pipeline’s inner wall,and so on.Adding thermodynamic hydrate inhibitors,and heating and thermal retar⁃dation are still methods widely used at present,while the emerging surface modification technology of pipeline’s inner wall provides a fresh idea for strengthening pipeline hydrate management.