基于国土空间规划体系视角的新疆绿洲资源环境承载力评价--以乌鲁木齐市为例

Evaluation of Oasis Resource and Environment Carrying Capacity in Xinjiang Based on Territorial Spatial Planning System--Taking Urumqi as an Example

资源环境承载力是衡量人类社会与自然环境之间相互关系的重要指标,是人类可持续发展的重要依据。基于国土空间规划体系视角对乌鲁木齐市资源环境承载力进行评价研究,分析乌鲁木齐市资源环境承载力现状,为进一步提升乌鲁木齐市资源环境承载力提出合理化建议,以推动其经济社会可持续发展。通过构建生态足迹生物资源账户指标,计算出2013—2018年乌鲁木齐生态足迹、生态承载力,然后分析计算出乌鲁木齐在这6年中所处的生态状态。结果显示:2013—2018年乌鲁木齐总人均生态足迹呈现先减少后增加趋势;人均生态承载力处于先下降后增长趋势,其中,耕地对生态承载力的贡献逐年降低,林地和草地的生态承载力呈现逐年增长趋势,对乌鲁木齐生态承载力贡献最大;2013—2018年乌鲁木齐总体处于生态盈余状态,生态足迹指数均为正值。最后,基于研究结果,从政府、企业、个人以及自然因素等方面提出进一步提升乌鲁木齐市资源环境承载力的对策建议。

Resource and environment carrying capacity is an important index to measure the relationship between human society and natural environment,and it is an important basis for human sustainable development.Based on the perspective of territorial space planning system,the resources and environment carrying capacity of Urumqi was evaluated and studied,the current situation of resources and environment carrying capacity of Urumqi was revealed,and reasonable suggestions were put forward to further improve the resources and environment carrying capacity of Urumqi,so as to promote its sustainable economic and social development.The ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of Urumqi from 2013 to 2018 were calculated by constructing ecological footprint biological resource account index,and the ecological status of Urumqi in these 6 years was analyzed and calculated.The results showed that the total per capita ecological footprint of Urumqi city decreased first and then increased during 2013-2018,from 2013 to 2018,the per capita ecological carrying capacity of Urumqi city decreased first and then increased.The contribution of cultivated land to ecological carrying capacity decreased year by year,while that of forest land and grassland increased year by year,which made the greatest contribution to Urumqi ecological carrying capacity.Urumqi was in ecological surplus from 2013 to 2018,and the ecological footprint indexes were all positive.Finally,based on the research results,countermeasures and suggestions were put forward to improve the carrying capacity of resources and environment in Urumqi from the four aspects of government,enterprises,individuals and natural factors.