劳动力市场不对称信息与人才集聚的自我强化机制

Asymmetric Information in Labor Market and Self-strengthening Mechanism of Talent Agglomeration

从劳动力市场不对称信息出发,赋予空间维度一个信号传递模型,构建“人才→产业”分析框架,对经济活动空间分布提供新的解释。结果表明:地区间全部劳动力中的专业技术人才比例差异是工资水平差异的诱因,这进一步引致劳动力迁移,形成人才集聚外部效应及其自我强化机制,构成经济空间分布的“向心力”;城市人口规模扩张导致生活成本提高,成为限制人口向中心城市迁移的“离心力”,并衍生为一种对求职者类型的甄别机制;数值仿真分析讨论了不同条件下“中心-外围”式的系统均衡结构,结果表明更高的生活成本会加强中心与外围的分离,在提高总产出的同时也扩大收入差距。

Based on asymmetric information of the labor market,this paper incorporates spatial analysis into the signal transmission model,and constructs the analytical framework of"talent→industry"to provide a new explanation for the spatial distribution of economic activities.Results show that,the proportion difference of professional talents between regions is the inducement of wage level difference,which further leads to labor migration,forms the externality and self-strengthening mechanism of talent agglomeration,and constitutes the"Centripetal-force"of economic spatial distribution.The expansion of urban population leads to the increase of living costs,which has become a"Centrifugal-force"restricting the migration of population to central cities,and evolved into a screening mechanism for the types of job seekers.The numerical simulation analysis discusses the"Center-periphery"system equilibrium under different conditions,which shows that the higher living cost will strengthen the separation between the center and the periphery,and expand the income gap while increasing the total output.