数字资本主义视域下数据驱动机制的批判——基于马克思劳动过程理论

Criticism of data driven mechanism from the perspective of digital capitalism--Based on Marx's labor process theory

数字资本主义视域下,数据驱动机制的批判是在马克思劳动过程理论四个原则的基础上建立的。而数据驱动机制是以数据的收集与储存、可视化、分析、挖掘(利用)作为核心支撑,是数据资源到数据商品、数据要素到数据资本,逐步实现数据自身价值化,并以最终攫取劳动者剩余价值为目的的循环过程。其中,数据的收集与存储是提取数据价值的基础;数据可视化监控机制下伴随着虚拟自由与真实控制;数据算法分析下资本雇佣的有酬劳动与非雇佣的无酬劳动;数字劳动过程中资本挖掘(利用)数据价值进行垄断。基于马克思劳动过程理论四个原则,对数字劳动过程中数据驱动机制的进行批判,以期了解劳动过程中数据的逻辑。同时,数据作为一种新的生产要素,在数字经济时代具有无可替代的作用。鉴此,发展中国特色市场经济需要加强对劳动过程中数据的分析。

From the perspective of digital capitalism,the criticism of data-driven mechanism is based on the four principles of Marx's labor process theory.The data-driven mechanism takes data collection and storage,visualization,analysis and mining(utilization)as its core support,and aims to grab the surplus value of workers.Among them,the collection and storage of data is the basis of extracting data value;Data visualization monitoring mechanism is accompanied by virtual freedom and real control;Under the analysis of data algorithm,capital employed paid labor and non employed unpaid labor;In the process of digital labor,capital mining(utilization)data value to monopolize.Based on the four principles of Marx's labor process theory,this paper criticizes the data-driven mechanism in the process of digital labor,in order to understand the logic of data in the process of labor.At the same time,as a new factor of production,data plays an irreplaceable role in the era of digital economy.In view of this,the development of market economy with Chinese characteristics needs to strengthen the analysis of data in the labor process.