同源四倍体甜荞诱导方法研究

Study on Induction Method of Autotetraploid Common Buckwheat

为研究同源四倍体甜荞的诱导方法,用0.1%、0.2%和0.3%的秋水仙素水溶液分别处理亲本二倍体甜荞品种(染色体2 N=2 X=16)干种子、发芽种子和幼苗。结果表明,通过不同浓度的秋水仙素处理干种子、发芽种子和幼苗均能获得比亲本生育期长、株高增加、茎秆增粗、叶片增大、籽粒显著增大、结实率有所下降的四倍体甜荞(染色体2 N=4 X=32)。但比较几种方法,在处理总数相同的情况下,处理干种子,死亡株数(16株)最少,但加倍率最低(19.4%),不能获得好的处理效果;处理发芽种子,加倍率(52.7%)最高,但死亡株数(76株)也最多,处理效果也不理想;处理幼苗,加倍率(45.5%)较高,虽然略低于处理发芽种子的,但成活株数(110株)远比处理发芽种子(74株)的多。因此,处理幼苗是诱导同源四倍体甜荞的最有效方法,且0.2%秋水仙素水溶液处理幼苗效果最佳。

In order to explore the induction method of autotetraploid common buckwheat,the dry seeds,germinated seeds and seedlings of diploid common buckwheat(chromosome 2 N=2 X=16)were treated with 0.1%,0.2%and 0.3%colchicine solution,respectively.The results showed that the dry seeds,germinated seeds and seedlings treated with different concentrations of colchicine,of which the new tetraploid common buckwheat(chromosome 2 N=4 X=32)with longer growth period,higher plant height,thicker stem,larger leaves,larger grains and lower seed setting rate were obtained.However,compared with the above methods,when the total number of treatments was the same and the dry seeds were treated,the number of dead plants was the lowest(16 plants),but the doubling rate was the lowest(19.4%),which could not obtain good treatment effect.The doubling rate was the highest(52.7%)when the germination seeds were treated,however,the number of dead plants was also the highest(76 plants),and the treatment effect was not ideal.The doubling rate of the treated seedlings was higher(45.5%),although it was slightly lower than that of the treated seeds,but the number of surviving plants(110 plants)was far more than that of the treated seeds(74 plants).Therefore,seedling treatment was the most effective method to induce autotetraploid common buckwheat,and 0.2%colchicine solution was the best.