4个酿酒葡萄品系光合与叶绿素荧光参数比较

Comparison of photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of four wine grape lines

【目的】为给能适应新疆气候的酿酒葡萄品系优良种质资源的筛选提供参考依据。【方法】采用CIRAS-3型光合测定仪、Junior-PAM荧光仪、SPAD-502型叶绿素计等仪器分别测定‘赤霞珠169’‘梅鹿辄181’‘梅鹿辄182’‘品丽珠327’的光合参数、叶绿素荧光参数、光合色素含量及叶片表观性状指标。采用直角双曲线修正模型对4个品系的光响应曲线进行拟合,并借助方差分析和相关性分析对4个酿酒葡萄品系的生长势进行评价。【结果】不同酿酒葡萄品系的光合参数和叶绿素荧光参数均存在差异。净光合速率和PSII光化学最大量子产额,‘梅鹿辄182’的均最大,‘赤霞珠169’和‘梅鹿辄181’的均次之,‘品丽珠327’的均最小。4个品系叶片叶绿素的相对含量(SPAD)存在显著差异(P<0.05),其SPAD值的大小顺序为‘赤霞珠169’>‘梅鹿辄181’>‘梅鹿辄182’>‘品丽珠327’。光化学淬灭系数、电荷分离实际量子效率、PSII光化学最大量子产额与各个光合参数之间均呈极显著正相关,而非光化学淬灭系数与各个光合参数之间均呈负相关;非光化学淬灭系数与叶绿素b含量间呈极显著正相关,而与叶绿素a含量间呈极显著负相关;叶绿素a含量与净光合速率、电荷分离实际量子效率间均呈正相关;叶绿素b含量与光化学淬灭系数、电荷分离实际量子效率、净光合速率间均呈负相关。【结论】‘梅鹿辄182’和‘赤霞珠169’的光合效能高于‘梅鹿辄181’和‘品丽珠327’,且这2个酿酒葡萄品系均有高弱光利用率。综合来看,‘梅鹿辄182’和‘赤霞珠169’对新疆气候的适应力均较强,其更能适应新疆白天长时间的强光高温环境。

【Objective】To provide a reference for the selection of excellent germplasm resources of wine grape lines that can adapt to the climate of Xinjiang.【Method】The photosynthetic parameters,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,photosynthetic pigment content and leaf apparent traits of‘Cabernet Sauvignon 169’,‘Merlot 181’,‘Merlot 182’and‘Cabernet Franc 327’were measured by CIRAS-3 photosynthetic instrument,Junior-PAM fluorometer and SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter.The photosynthetic response curve of the four grape lines were fitted by the modified rectangular hyperbola model,and the growth vigor of the four wine grape lines was evaluated by means of variance analysis and correlation analysis.【Result】The photosynthetic parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were differed among wine grape lines.In terms of net photosynthetic rate and maximum efficiency of PSII photochemistry,‘Merlot 182’had the largest values,followed by‘Cabernet Sauvignon 169’and‘Merlot 181’,and‘Cabernet Franc 327’had the smallest values.The Soil and plant analyzer development(SPAD)of leaves of the four strains was significantly different(P<0.05).The order of the SPAD was‘Cabernet Sauvignon 169’>‘Merlot 181’>‘Merlot 182’>‘Cabernet Franc 327’.The photochemical quenching coefficient,the actual quantum efficiency of charge separation,and the maximum efficiency of PSII photochemistry were significantly positively related with each photosynthetic parameter,while the nonphotochemical quenching coefficient was negatively related with each photosynthetic parameter.The non-photochemical quenching coefficient was positively correlated with the content of chlorophyll b,and negatively related with the content of chlorophyll a.Chlorophyll a content was positively related with net photosynthetic rate and actual quantum efficiency of charge separation.Chlorophyll b content was negatively related with photochemical quenching coefficient,actual quantum efficiency of charge separation and net photosynthetic rate.【Conclusion】The photosynthetic efficiency of‘Merlot 182’and‘Cabernet Sauvignon 169’was higher than that of‘Merlot 181’and‘Cabernet Franc 327’,and these two wine grape lines have high low light utilization efficiency.In general,‘Merlot 182’and‘Cabernet Sauvignon 169’have strong adaptability to the climate of Xinjiang,and they can better adapt to the strong light and high temperature environment in daytime for a long time.