上海地区310名女性皮肤生理参数和皮肤菌群随年龄的变化特征

Age-related changes in skin physiological parameters and skin bacterial microbiome among 310 Shanghai women

为了解皮肤生理参数、皮肤菌群随着年龄增长的变化规律,于2021年7~8月,在上海某社区随机筛选符合条件的310名18~60岁健康女性受试者,采用非创伤性皮肤检测方法测试多项皮肤生理参数,并采用16S rRNA高通量测序分析面部皮肤菌群。结果显示,随着年龄增加,皮脂含量和经皮水分散失(TEWL)减少,而皮肤角质层含水量受年龄影响,不同年龄段呈现不同的变化规律。肤色(ITA°)随年龄增长越来越深,皮肤弹性随年龄呈下降趋势,特别是25岁之后显著下降(P<0.001)。随着年龄的增加,Shannon指数整体呈现上升趋势,说明面部皮肤细菌的物种多样性增加。物种组成分析表明,在门水平上,放线菌门(Actinobacteria)总体呈下降趋势,而变形菌门(Proteobacteria)总体呈上升趋势,相应地在属水平上,丙酸杆菌属(Cutibacterium)的丰度明显下降,而链球菌属(Streptococcus)和棒状杆菌属(Pseudomonas)的丰度总体呈上升趋势。Spearman相关性分析表明,皮肤生理参数和皮肤细菌丰度之间存在紧密关联,年龄是影响皮肤生理参数和菌群丰度变化的重要因素。皮肤生理参数和菌群特征呈现出与年龄相关的变化规律。在某种程度上,这些特征可以被视为年龄标志,研究结果可为化妆品产品研究和开发提供参考依据。

Understanding the changes in the skin physiological parameters,skin microbiome and their associated relationship during aging remains largely unknown.To better understand this phenomenon,we investigated 310 healthy females aged 18-60 years randomly selected from a community in Shanghai from July to August 2021.Multiple skin physiological parameters were measured by non-invasive instrumental methods,and the facial skin microbiome was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing.The results show that with the increase of age,skin sebum content and transepidermal water loss(TEWL)decrease,while the skin hydration is affected by age and in different age groups it presents different changing rules.Additionally,the skin color(ITA°)becomes darker,and the skin elasticity decreases,especially significantly appearing after the age of 25 years old(P<0.001).The Shannon index is found to increase,indicating that the skin bacteria diversity increases with age.The analysis of species composition indicates that the abundance of Actinobacteria shows a decreasing trend,while Proteobacteria shows an increasing trend with age.Accordingly,at the genus level,the abundance of Cutibacterium decreases significantly,while the abundance of Streptococcus and Pseudomonas shows an increasing trend with age.Furthermore,spearman correlation analysis reveals strong correlations between the skin physiological parameters and the microbiota.Notably,age is an important factor affecting the changes of skin physiological parameters and skin bacteria.In conclusion,these results show that the skin physiological parameters and microbiota characteristics of females undergoes age-associated alterations.To some extent,these characteristics can be regarded as age markers,and these results can guide the development of cosmetics.