针对性护理对产后盆底功能障碍患者盆底肌张力及盆腔器官脱垂发生率的影响

Effect of targeted nursing on pelvic floor muscle tension and incidence of pelvic organ prolapse in patients with postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction

目的 探讨针对性护理对产后盆底功能障碍(PFD)患者盆底肌张力及盆腔器官脱垂发生率的影响。方法选取2018年2月—2021年1月于河南省许昌市第二人民医院就诊的85例产后PFD患者,采用随机数字表法分为研究组(n=43)和对照组(n=42)。对照组患者采用常规护理干预,研究组患者采用针对性护理干预。比较2组患者治疗依从性、盆底肌张力恢复情况、尿失禁和盆腔器官脱垂发生情况、不良情绪状况及性生活质量。结果 研究组患者干预后健康信念、康复训练配合度评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者干预后盆底肌张力分级优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(Z=2.146,P<0.05)。研究组患者干预期间尿失禁、盆腔器官脱垂发生率为2.33%、4.65%,低于对照组的19.05%、21.43%,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=4.634、5.308,均P<0.05)。研究组患者干预后焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者干预后女性性生活质量问卷评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 针对性护理应用于产后PFD患者中,可改善患者不良情绪,提升患者治疗依从性,促进患者盆底肌张力恢复,降低尿失禁及盆腔器官脱垂的发生风险,提高患者性生活质量。

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of targeted nursing on pelvic floor muscle tension and the incidence of pelvic organ prolapse in patients with postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction(PFD).Methods Eighty-five patients with postpartum PFD who visited the Second People's Hospital of Xuchang from February 2018 to January 2021 were selected and assigned to the study group(n=43)and control groups(n=42)by the random number table.The routine nursing intervention was employed in the control group and targeted nursing intervention in the study group.Treatment compliance,pelvic floor muscle tension recovery,urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse,adverse emotional state,and sexual life quality were compared between the two groups.Results The scores of health belief and rehabilitation training cooperation in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group after the intervention(P<0.05).The pelvic floor muscle tension grade of the study group was superior to that of the control group after the intervention,and the difference was statistically significant(Z=2.146,P<0.05).The incidence rate of urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse in the study group was 2.33%and 4.65%during the intervention,which was significantly lower than that in the control group,respectively(19.05%and 21.43%,χ2=4.634,5.308,all P<0.05).The scores of the self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS)in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group after the intervention(P<0.05).The sexual life quality scores of patients in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group after the intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion Targeted nursing can enhance the adverse emotion,improve treatment compliance,promote the recovery of pelvic floor muscle tension,reduce the risk of urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse,and raise the sexual life quality of patients with postpartum PFD.