基于行为改变整合理论的健康教育在胃癌根治术患者饮食管理中的应用

Application of health education based on behavioral change integration theory in dietary management of patients undergoing radical resection of gastric cancer

目的 探究基于行为改变整合理论的健康教育在胃癌根治术患者饮食管理中的作用。方法 选取2020年9月—2021年6月医院收治的胃癌根治术患者80例为研究对象,按照组间基本资料具有可比性的原则分为对照组和观察组,每组40例。对照组实施常规健康教育,观察组使用基于行为改变整合理论的健康教育,两组均连续干预至出院后3个月,分别于干预前、出院前和出院后3个月对两组健康教育效果进行比较。结果 两组患者干预前、出院前以及出院后3个月全面健康素养、自我效能感以及领悟社会支持评分呈升高趋势,时间比较差异有统计学意义(P时间<0.05);各时点组间比较差异有统计学意义(P组间<0.05);且随着观察时间延长,组间差异逐渐增大(P交互<0.05)。观察组患者护理满意程度高于对照组,经比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 基于行为改变整合理论的健康教育能帮助胃癌根治术患者提高其饮食管理过程中的健康素养,增强其饮食管理的自我效能感和领悟社会支持能力,提高护理满意程度。

Objective To explore the eff ect of health education based on behavioral change integration theory in dietary management of patients undergoing radical resection of gastric cancer.Methods To select 80 patients with gastric cancer undergoing radical surgery admitted to the hospital from September 2020 to June 2021 as the study subjects.According to the principle of comparability of basic data between groups,they were divided into a control group and an observation group,with 40 patients in each group.The control group received routine health education,while the observation group received health education based on behavioral change integration theory.Both groups received continuous intervention until 3 months after discharge.The effects of health education in the two groups were compared before intervention,before discharge,and 3 months after discharge,respectively.Results The overall health literacy,self-efficacy,and perceived social support scores of the two groups of patients showed an upward trend before intervention,before discharge,and three months after discharge,with a statistically significant diff erence in time(P<0.05);the diff erence between groups at each time point was statistically significant(P<0.05);and with the prolongation of observation time,the diff erences between groups gradually increased(P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction in the observation group was high than that in the control group,the diff erence was statistically significant after comparison(P<0.05).Conclusion Health education based on behavioral change integration theory can help patients undergoing radical resection of gastric cancer improve their health literacy in the process of dietary management,enhance their self-efficacy in dietary management,comprehend social support abilities,and improve nursing satisfaction.