造血干细胞移植层流病房护士职业倦怠现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of job burnout among nurses in laminar flow ward for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

目的 调查造血干细胞移植层流病房的护士职业倦怠及其相关的影响因素,为针对性干预职业倦怠提供相应的参考依据。方法 于2022年3—4月采用整群抽样法,选取安徽省9所医院造血干细胞移植层流病房护士135名为调查对象,根据护士发生职业倦怠程度分为中重度组66名和无或轻度组69名。采用一般资料问卷、职业倦怠问卷、中国护士工作压力源量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表对护士进行调查。结果 安徽省造血干细胞移植层流病房护士职业倦怠量表中3个维度得分及检出率分别为情感衰竭24.08±10.21分,38.52%;去人格化7.15±5.43分,45.93%;低个人成就感15.09±8.48分,84.44%。护士职业倦怠总分与工作压力总分、睡眠质量总分均呈正相关(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析发现,平均每周工作时长> 50 h、工作压力、睡眠质量是造血干细胞移植层流病房护士中重度职业倦怠的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 安徽省造血干细胞移植层流病房护士发生职业倦怠的风险较高,需重点关注此类人群,从心理减压、人力资源配置、专业培训等方面加强干预,以保证临床护理质量。

Objective To investigate the job burnout of nurses in the laminar flow ward for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and its related influencing factors,so as to provide corresponding reference basis for targeted intervention of job burnout.Methods A cluster sampling method from March to April 2022,was used to select 135 nurses from the laminar flow ward for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in 9 hospitals in Anhui Province as survey subjects.According to the degree of job burnout among nurses,they were divided into a moderate to severe group of 66 and a non or mild group of 69.Nurses were investigated using the general information questionnaire,occupational burnout questionnaire,Chinese nurse job stressors scale,and Pittsburgh sleep quality index.Results The scores and detection rates of the three dimensions of the job burnout scale for nurses in the laminar flow ward of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Anhui province were 24.08±10.21 points and 38.52%for emotional failure,respectively;depersonalization 7.15±5.43 points,45.93%;low personal accomplishment:15.09±8.48 points,84.44%.The total score of nurses'job burnout was positively correlated with the total score of work stress and sleep quality(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the average weekly working time>50 hours,work pressure,and sleep quality are independent influencing factors for moderate to severe job burnout among nurses in the laminar flow ward for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(P<0.05).Conclusion The risk of occupational burnout among nurses in laminar flow wards for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Anhui province is high,and it was necessary to focus on such populations and strengthen intervention from psychological stress reduction,human resource allocation,and professional training to ensure the quality of clinical nursing.