高海拔地区铁路工程作业疲劳影响因子及作用关系

Influence Factors and Effect Relationship of Fatiguein Railway Engineering Operation in High Altitude Area

为确定高海拔地区铁路工程施工人员作业疲劳的关键致因,有效缓解作业疲劳。选取拉林铁路LLZQ-1标段的作业人员展开研究,建立以个体、作业、环境和管理为核心的18个疲劳影响因子评价体系,通过引入模糊理论改进决策试验与评价实验室法,将作业疲劳影响因子按因果关系的强弱度划分为强原因、强结果、弱原因和弱结果4个因素集。利用解释结构模型构建系统层次结构,对作业疲劳影响因子进行层级划分,并揭示各层级因子的作用关系。结果表明:高海拔地区铁路工程施工人员作业疲劳的形成是直接、中层和深层因素3个层次同级或跨层级综合作用的结果;其中,深层因子为排班制度、教育培训及高原气候;针对作业疲劳的影响因子从3个层级分别提出相应的改善措施,以期为缓解作业疲劳、降低安全事故提供思路和建议。

To identify the key causes of job fatigue for rail way construction personnel in high atitude areas and effectively alleviate job fatigue.The operators of the LLZQ-1 bid section of the La-lin Railway is se-lected to conduct research and establish an evaluation system of 18 fatigue impact factors with individu-als,operations,environment,and management as the core.By introducing fuzzy set theory to improve decision making trial and evaluation laboratory,the job fatigue impact factors are divided into four factor sets based on the strength of causal relationships:strong cause,strong result,weak cause,and weak result.The interpretative structural model is used to construct a hierarchical structure of the system,classify the impact factors of job fatigue,and reveal the functional relationships of the factors at each level.The results show that the formation of job fatigue of railway construction personnel in high altitude areas is the result of the comprehensive action of three levels of direct,intermediate,and deep factors at the same level or across levels;Among them,the deep factors are shift scheduling system,education and training,and plateau climate;According to the impact factors of job fatigue,coresponding improvement measures are proposed from three levels to provide ideas and suggestions for alleviating job fatigue and reducing safety accidents.