白介素-31参与瘙痒的研究进展

Research Progress of IL-31 in Itch

瘙痒是很多皮肤疾病的常见临床症状,包括特应性皮炎、结节性痒疹、银屑病、慢性荨麻疹等。最近的研究表明,白介素-31在皮肤疾病的瘙痒中扮演重要角色。白介素-31可由CD4+辅助T细胞、肥大细胞、角化细胞、巨噬细胞、树突状细胞等合成与释放,通过激活白介素-31异二聚体受体(IL-31受体A和抑瘤素受体M)产生痒觉相关信号。尽管研究发现白介素-31可通过直接或间接的作用向神经中枢传递痒觉信号,但是它的致痒机制尚不完全清楚。本文就白介素-31的基因、受体、来源以及在瘙痒相关疾病中的作用展开综述。

Itch is a normal symptom in many skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis,prurigo nodularis,psoriasis,and chronic urticaria.More and more data show that interleukin-31(IL-31)plays an important role in itch.IL-31 is composed and released from CD4+help T cell,mast cells,keratinocytes,macrophages,and dendritic cells.By activating interleukin-31 heterodimer receptors(IL-31 receptor A and tumor suppressor M receptor),itch related signals are generated.Although it has been found that IL-31 can transmit itch signals to the central nerve system directly or indirectly,mechanism of itch is not fully understood.This review summarizes the current knowledge on IL-31’s gene,source,receptor,and the effect of IL-31 in pruritic diseases.