siRNA治疗在妇科肿瘤中应用的研究进展

Research Advances in the Application of siRNA Therapy in Gynecologic Tumors

妇科肿瘤在女性各类疾病中的发病率、死亡率均位居前列,且常规治疗后复发、耐药患者预后不佳。小干扰RNA(small interfering RNA,siRNA)能够高效沉默靶向基因,具有基因沉默效率高、合成简便且靶点广泛的优点,是一种有应用前景的治疗基因相关疾病的工具。但临床应用siRNA药物还需面对裸序列不稳定、体内传送效率低以及不可控的不良反应等问题。近年来,关于选择何种载体以实现体内递送siRNA药物以及如何选择合适的应用靶点,是针对siRNA治疗的研究焦点。综述近年来有关载体修饰siRNA药物在妇科肿瘤治疗中的应用,以及各类妇科肿瘤中siRNA重要的潜在应用靶点的研究进展。

Gynecologic tumors are among the leading diseases in women in terms of morbidity and mortality,and patients with recurrence and drug resistance after conventional treatment have poor prognosis.Small interfering RNA(siRNA)is a promising tool for the treatment of gene-related diseases because of its high efficiency in gene silencing,ease of synthesis and wide range of targets.However,the clinical application of siRNA drugs still needs to face the problems of bare sequence instability,low in vivo delivery efficiency,and uncontrollable adverse effects.In recent years,the choice of vectors for in vivo delivery of siRNA drugs and the selection of suitable targets for their application have been the focus of research on siRNA therapeutics.This paper mainly reviews the recent research progress about the application of vector-modified siRNA drugs in gynecologic tumor therapy and the important potential application targets of siRNA in various gynecologic tumors.