基于扎根理论的企业核心技术创新能力评价研究

Research on the Evaluation of Enterprise Core Technology Inno⁃vation Capability Based on Grounded Theory

利用扎根理论三级编码方法,基于69家申报科创板上市企业质询函的文本内容,遵循可量化、易获得、高信息代表性的原则,主要使用专利信息构建了由5个一级指标、12个二级指标以及23个三级指标组成的评价指标体系,并选取10家基因检测上市企业进行了实证分析。研究结果显示,我国企业核心技术创新能力主要包括4个维度,其中最受关注的是核心技术竞争力,这也符合我国当前的发展需求。实证结果表明,我国基因检测企业核心技术创新能力总体水平仍不高,各企业间存在较大差距,且在不同维度方面的表现也存在一定差异。基于中国情境提出了评价企业核心技术创新能力的指标体系和方法,进一步丰富了企业创新理论,具有较强的现实指导意义。最后,从3个方面提出了研究不足,为未来研究指出了方向。

At present,the international situation is changing at an accelerated pace.Against the background of the gradual escalation of international science and technology competition and technology blockade,the problem of"stuck neck"in China's key core technologies remains prominent.Therefore,in recent years,China has been strengthening the dominant position of en⁃terprises in science and technology innovation and enhancing their core technology innovation capability.Among them,how to scientifically and correctly evaluate enterprises'core technology innovation capability is an essential and crucial part.This paper focuses on constructing an index system for evaluating enterprises'core technol⁃ogy innovation capability,and the main research contents are as follows:Firstly,by combing and summarizing relevant domestic and foreign literature,it is found that the current research results on the evaluation of enterprises'core technological innovation capabilities are relatively scarce,and there is no consensus at the theoretical and practical levels.Secondly,based on the textual contents of"core technology"questioned by 69 listed companies applying for STAR Market,we constructed an evaluation model of enterprises'core technological innovation capabilities using the grounded theory and explored the inner mechanism of enterprises'core technological innova⁃tion capabilities.Thirdly,following the principles of scientificity,systematicity,representative⁃ness,and operability,and using the characteristics of patent quantifiability,easy accessibility,and high information representativeness,this paper constructs an index system consisting of 5 primary indicators,12 secondary indicators,and 23 tertiary indicators,and determines the indi⁃cator weights using the number of labels coded by the grounded theory.Finally,ten listed ge⁃netic testing companies were selected for empirical analysis,and based on the evaluation results,corresponding countermeasures were suggested for different companies.The main findings of the study are as follows:①An index system for evaluating the core technological innovation capability of enterprises is formed,which consists of five dimensions:core technology competitiveness,R&D investment capability,continuous independent R&D ca⁃pability,core technical contribution capability,and real legitimacy,and there is a strong inter⁃nal logic among the dimensions,which proves the connotation of core technology innovation ca⁃pability of enterprises.②The current stage of evaluating the core technological innovation capa⁃bility of enterprises in China focuses more on the core technology competitiveness,which is in line with the current stage of development and the situation China faces.③The overall level of core technology innovation capability of the sample enterprises is low,the gap between enter⁃prises is large,and there are some differences between different enterprises in various aspects of core technology innovation capability.In summary,this paper makes use of the natural emergent characteristics of grounded theory research questions and theories,constructs an index system for evaluating the core tech⁃nology innovation capability of enterprises based on Chinese realistic textual data,and conducts an empirical analysis,realizing the integration of two research fields:core technology identifica⁃tion and enterprise technology innovation capability evaluation,effectively making up for the shortage of research in this field,with strong theoretical value and practical guidance signifi⁃cance.