基于动态能力视角的企业绿色转型路径研究

The Path of Green Transformation Path in Enterprises Based on Dynamic Capabilities Perspective

在碳达峰碳中和的目标背景下,企业绿色转型已成为一项重要战略任务。基于动态能力视角,在梳理相关理论的基础上,采用单案例纵向研究方法,通过跟踪案例企业的动态演化过程,探讨企业绿色转型过程及动态能力的演化路径。结果表明:企业绿色转型的动态能力形成过程是“从绿色感知能力到绿色获取能力再到绿色转型能力”的动态演化过程;企业绿色转型的驱动因素既有外部环境变化因素,也有内部科技创新和克服阻力等因素;企业绿色转型过程在战略模式上的变革主要体现在决策模式、生产模式和业务模式等3个方面。最后,基于研究结论,提出了相关启示,为传统企业实施绿色转型提供一定参考。

Under the background of the goal of"carbon peaking and carbon neutrality",the green transformation of enterprises has developed into a crucial strategic job.From the perspec⁃tive of dynamic capability and on the basis of sorting out relevant theories,the paper adopts the single case longitudinal research method,and follows the dynamic evolution process of the case enterprises to explore the process of green transformation of enterprises and the evolution path of dynamic capability,so as to address and solve the problem of"how to build the dynamic capabil⁃ity of the enterprise green transformation".Based on the mainstream theory of dynamic capabil⁃ity,and an analysis model is constructed by pointing out that dynamic capability consists of per⁃ception,acquisition and reconstruction capability.Enterprises can adapt to the change of in the external environment by establishing green perception ability,strengthening scientific and technological empowerment by forming green acquisition ability,and successfully realizing green transformation in decision-making,production and business modes by building green transfor⁃mation ability.Taking Shanghai Construction Engineering Group as a case,this paper analyzes the green transformation process of Shanghai Construction Engineering Group from the perspective of orga⁃nizational behavior.The result shows that the process of enterprise green transformation is dy⁃namic from"green perception ability to green acquisition ability to green transformation ability".Green perception ability reflects the sensitivity and detection ability of enterprises to the changes of the external environment,especially the influence of the green development concept and the goal of"carbon peak and carbon neutrality"on the development mode of enterprises in recent years.Green access ability reflects the experimental capacity of an enterprise to make a series of innovations and transformations through innovation and application of green and lowcarbon technologies,including decision conceptions,products and services,technological inno⁃vation,green technology cost,etc.Green transformation capability reflects the ability of enter⁃prises to successfully implement a series of strategic changes to achieve the goal of green trans⁃formation.The driving factors of enterprise green transformation are both external and internal.The external driving factors are mainly reflected in four aspects,including environmental de⁃mand,policy environment change,industry environment change and technological innovation de⁃velopment.The internal driving factors are driving technology innovation and overcoming inter⁃nal resistance.The change of strategic mode in the process of green transformation of enterprises is mainly reflected in the decision-making mode,production mode and business mode.The decision-making mode should be changed from empirical decision-making to technologysupported accurate decision-making with a green development as the core concept.The produc⁃tion mode should be changed from traditional production process on traditional products to green production process on green products;Business models should be changed from traditional busi⁃nesses with high carbon emissions to new business models that increase green and low-carbon.Based on the research conclusions,three inspirations are proposed for traditional enter⁃prises,especially those in industries with high carbon emission business:"Do a good job in toplevel design and planning,pay attention to the leading role of scientific and technological innova⁃tion,and strengthen the pre-stage strategic research of green transformation",which provides some reference for traditional enterprises to implement green transformation.