环渤海海洋生态环境时空演变及影响因素识别

Spatial-temporal Evolution of Marine Ecological Environment in Bohai Rim Region and Identification of Influencing Factors

为科学识别环渤海地区的海洋生态环境问题,基于陆海统筹的理论基础和海陆系统耦合相关机理,对环渤海地区沿海17市2008-2018年海洋环境质量水平的时空演化特征进行评价和分析,并通过单因素和海陆复合系统层识别海洋环境质量水平和海陆耦合协调的影响因素。结果发现:(1)环渤海地区海洋环境质量总体向良性转变,但各城市海洋环境水平差异较大;总体来看,环渤海地区“海洋环境系统-地区科技系统”的相关性最大、耦合水平较高,“海洋环境系统-地区社会系统”相关性最小、耦合水平最低;(2)在影响因素识别方面,单因素中农用化肥施用量、第一产业从业人员数量、垃圾无害化处理率与海洋生态环境系统高度关联;而科技子系统和环境子系统是影响海陆间耦合发展水平的主导关系层。

In order to scientifically identify the marine ecological environment problems in Bohai Rim region,this paper evaluates and analyzes spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of marine environmental quality level of 17 coastal cities in Bohai Rim region from 2008 to 2018 based on the theoretical basis of land sea coordination and the relevant mechanism of the sea and land system coupling,and identifies the influencing factors of marine environmental quality level and the sea land coupling coordination through the single factor and the sea land composite system layer.The results show that:(1)Marine environmental quality of the Bohai Rim region has changed to a positive state,but the level of marine environment varies greatly among cities.In general,"Marine environmental system-Regional science and technology system"in Bohai Rim region has the highest correlation and high coupling level,while"Marine environmental system-Regional social system"has the lowest correlation and coupling level;(2)In terms of the identification of influencing factors,agricultural fertilizer application amount in single factor,the number of employees in primary industry,the rate of harmless disposal of garbage are highly correlated with the marine ecological environment system;The science and technology subsystem and environment subsystem are the dominant relationship layer that affect the development level of sea-land coupling.