髂骨内表面主滋养孔的解剖研究及临床意义

Anatomy of the Main Nutrient Foramen of Ilium And Its Clinical Significance

目的 探讨髂骨内表面主滋养孔的形状、大小、位置,结合医学影像分析其临床意义。方法 6具尸体标本,3具女性,3具男性;30个成人单侧髋骨干性标本,左、右各15个;100例成人骨盆CT三维重建图像(PACS系统)50例男性,50例女性。所选取标本的大小、年龄差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。通过观察并测量髂骨内表面主滋养孔的形状、大小、位置并进行分析。结果 主滋养孔直径为(1.4±0.3) mm,距骶髂关节为(16.1±3.4) mm,距真骨盆缘(14.1±4.1) mm,以椭圆形为主。同性左右间及男女两性间主滋养孔的孔径大小及位置差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 髂骨内表面骶髂关节外侧多存在主滋养孔,主要为椭圆形。掌握主滋养孔的位置及形状,对于骨盆、髋臼手术中减少出血有重要意义。

Objective To discuss the shape,size and position of the main nutrient foramen on the internal surface of the ilium,and analyse its clinical significance with medical imaging.Methods 6 cadaver specimens and 30 adult hip bones were studied.The 6 cadaver specimens included 3 female,and 3 male and the hip bone specimens inlcuded 15 left hip bones and 15 right hip bones.Three-dimensional reconstruction images(PACS system)of the pelvis in 100 adults were also studied,inlcuding 50 cases of female and 50 cases of male.There were no statistically significant differences in the size and age of the specimens(P>0.05).The shape,size,and position of the main nutrient foramen on the internal surface of the ilium were observed and measured,and the data was analyzed.Results The diameter of the main nutrient foramen was(1.4±0.3)mm.The main nutrient foramen was(16.1±3.4)mm from the sacroiliac joint and(14.1±4.1)mm from the true pelvic margin,and shape of the foramen was mainly ellipse.There were no statistically significant differences in the size and position of the main nutrient foramen between left and right and between male and female(P>0.05).Conclusion On the lateral side of the sacroiliac joint,the vast majority of the internal surfaces of the iliac bone have main nutrient foramen,mainly elliptical in shape.Knowledge of the position and shape of the main nutrient foramen has great significance for reducing bleeding in pelvic and acetabular surgery.