从教育立法到教育立法学:法典化的学术因应

From Education Legislation to the Science of Education Legislation:An Academic Response to Codification

提升教育立法品质、实现良法善治是新时代教育立法的核心任务,其最直观的表达即教育法体系化与法典化任务的提出。教育法的体系化建设,不仅要针对具体教育法律问题开展立法研究,还要针对教育立法本身开展立法学研究,也即对教育立法原理、立法制度、立法过程与立法技术的系统化研究。只有构建系统的教育立法理论,才能为法典化奠定顶层设计与底层逻辑。基于此,应转变研究进路,从侧重概念分析、价值分析转向法释义学与社科法学并肩合作,既要通过实证研究发现真实的立法议题,又要通过法释义学将这些议题转换为体系化的法律规范,实现教育法规范性与科学性的共同提升。同时,应在立法原则、立法技术与立法评估方面展开重点研究,为教育立法实践提供合理、科学、体系的理论指引与技术支持,改进教育立法质量,推动教育立法内涵式发展。

Improving the quality of education legislation and achieving good governance by the rule of good law are the core tasks of education legislation in the new era,and the most intuitive expression is the systematization and codification of education law.The systematic construction of education law requires us not only to carry out legislative research on specific issues of education law,but also to make a legislative study of education legislation;that is to say we need to make a systematic research into the principles of education legislation,the legislative system,the legislative process,and legislative techniques.Only by constructing a systematic theory of education legislation can we make the top-level design and the underlying logic for the codification of education law.In view of this,we need to shift the approaches to research from emphasis on the analysis of definitions and value to cooperation with the research into legal hermeneutics and legislation-related social science;we need to discover real legislative issues through empirical research,and change them into systematic legal norms through legal hermeneutics so as to make a normative and scientific education law.At the same time,we are supposed to focus on the study of legislative principles,legislative techniques and legislative evaluation so as to provide rational,scientific and systematic theoretical guidance and technical support for the practice of education legislation,improve the quality of education legislation,and promote the connotative development of education legislation.