新生儿化脓性脑膜炎诊断的研究进展

Research Progress on the Diagnosis of Neonatal Purulent Meningitis

新生儿化脓性脑膜炎是新生儿常见的中枢神经系统感染性疾病,其临床表现特异性差,早期因症状不典型易漏诊,严重病例治疗较为困难,可引起严重的后遗症,包括死亡及不良的神经发育结局,早期诊断及早期治疗可减少其并发症、后遗症。通过对其流行病学趋势、实验室检查新进展及影像学表现等进行综合分析,特别是对脑脊液细胞因子检测及代谢相关产物的研究,为新生儿化脓性脑膜炎的早期诊断提供了事实依据,能最大程度改善患儿预后,减少并发症,从而降低致残率,提高患儿生活质量。本研究从新生儿化脓性脑膜炎的流行病学特点、诊断标准、实验室检测指标、影像学检查等方面进行综述,以期为新生儿化脓性脑膜炎的早期诊断及早期临床干预提供相关依据。

Neonatal purulent meningitis is a common central nervous system infectious diseases in neonates with poor specificity of clinical manifestations.Early diagnosis is easy to be missed due to atypical symptoms.Severe cases are more difficult to treat and can cause serious sequelae,including death and poor neurodevelopmental outcome.Early diagnosis and early treatment can reduce its complications and sequelae.The comprehensive analysis of epidemiological trends,new advances in laboratory tests and imaging manifestations,especially the study of cerebrospinal fluid cytokine detection and metabolism-related products,provide factual basis for the early diagnosis of neonatal purulent meningitis,which can maximize the prognosis of the patient and reduce complications,thus reducing the disability rate and improving the quality of life of the patient.This study reviews the epidemiological characteristics,diagnostic criteria,laboratory test indexes and imaging examinations of neonatal purulent meningitis in order to provide evidence for early diagnosis and early clinical intervention of neonatal purulent meningitis.