陕北地区耐密玉米新品种抗旱性评价及筛选

Evaluation and Screening of Drought Resistance of New Maize Varieties with High Density Tolerance in Northern Shaanxi

通过田间试验对8个适宜密植玉米新品种和3个种植面积较大的品种进行抗旱性鉴定和评价,以期为陕北干旱地区品种筛选提供理论依据。结果表明,各品种在干旱条件下生育期平均延迟了2.82 d,散粉期和吐丝期间隔(ASI)延长了1.82 d;干旱胁迫导致各品种株高平均降低了10.05%,穗位高降低了18.50%;产量及其构成因素均有不同程度的降低,穗长、穗粗、穗粒数、百粒重、出籽率、产量分别降低了12.25%、2.80%、12.75%、5.67%、23.96%;抗旱指数和隶属函数2种方法因指标不同导致评价结果有所差异。综合来看,科河699和郑单958抗旱性均表现较好,适宜在陕北干旱地区种植。

In order to provide theoretical basis for the selection of drought-resistant varieties in the arid area of northern Shaanxi Province,8 new maize varieties with high density tolerance and 3 varieties with large planting area were identified and evaluated for drought resistance through field experiments.The results showed that under drought conditions,the growth period of each variety was prolonged by 2.82 d on average,and ASI was prolonged by 1.82 d.The plant height decreased by 10.05%and the ear height decreased by 18.50%under drought stress;the yield and its components of all varieties were decreased to different degrees,panicle length,panicle diameter,panicle grain number,100-grain weight,rate of seed and yield decreased by 12.25%,2.80%,12.75%,5.67%and 23.96%.The evaluation results of the two methods were different due to the different indexes of drought resistance index and membership function.Overall,Kehe 699 and Zhengdan 958 showed good drought resistance and were suitable for planting in the arid area of northern Shaanxi.