胆汁酸代谢与2型糖尿病研究进展

Research Progress on Bile Acid Metabolism and Type 2 Diabetes

糖尿病是近年来威胁人类身心健康的第三大慢性病,其中2型糖尿病患者数量占患者总数的十分之九以上。2型糖尿病的发病机制较为复杂,但多种研究认为,2型糖尿病的发病与遗传、环境、生活方式等因素协同作用致使胰岛β细胞功能缺陷及胰岛素抵抗相关。近年来,胆汁酸代谢与2型糖尿病的关系成为热点问题。胆汁酸是胆固醇代谢的终产物,参与脂质类物质的消化吸收过程,参与调节机体代谢活动。研究表明,胆汁酸代谢与2型糖尿病的发病联系密切。中医药在治疗2型糖尿病方面具有多种优势,且近年来有较多应用中药及中药复方干预胆汁酸水平治疗2型糖尿病的研究,治疗效果明显。故该文就胆汁酸代谢,胆汁酸代谢与2型糖尿病的关系,胆汁酸代谢改善2型糖尿病的作用机制以及中药及中药复方干预胆汁酸水平治疗2型糖尿病的相关研究方面进行综述,以期从胆汁酸代谢的角度为2型糖尿病的治疗提供新的方向与参考。

Diabetes is the third largest chronic disease that threatens human physical and mental health in recent years,with type 2 diabetes accounting for more than nine-tenths of the total number of patients.The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes is complex,however,many studies suggest that the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes is associated with the synergistic effect of genetic,environmental,lifestyle and other factors,resulting in isletβ-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance.In recent years,the relationship between bile acid metabolism and type 2 diabetes has become a hot issue.Cholic acid is the end product of cholesterol metabolism,which participates in the digestion and absorption of lipid substances and participates in the regulation of metabolic activities.Studies have shown that bile acid metabolism is closely related to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.Traditional Chinese medicine has multiple advantages in treating diabetes.In recent years,there are more studies on the application of traditional Chinese medicine and traditional Chinese medicine compound intervention in the treatment of type 2 diabetes,and the therapeutic effect is obvious.Therefore,this paper reviews bile acid metabolism,the relationship between bile acid metabolism and type 2 diabetes,the mechanism of bile acid metabolism improving type 2 diabetes,and the related research of traditional Chinese medicine and traditional Chinese medicine compound intervention in the treatment of type 2 diabetes,in order to provide new directions and references for the treatment of type 2 diabetes from the perspective of bile acid metabolism.